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Carlo Acutis

2024-12-07T11:09:29Z

Johnrdorazio:

{{Short description|Beatified Italian teenager (1991–2006)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Use British English|date=October 2020}}
{{Infobox saint
| honorific_prefix= [[wikipedia:Beatification|Blessed]] 
| name = Carlo Acutis
| image = Carlo Acutis (born 1991).jpg
| caption = Photograph of Carlo Acutis
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1991|05|03}}
| birth_place = [[wikipedia:London|London]], United Kingdom
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2006|10|12|1991|05|03|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[wikipedia:Monza|Monza]], Italy
| death_cause = [[wikipedia:Leukaemia|Leukaemia]]
| venerated_in = [[wikipedia:Catholic Church|Catholic Church]]
| beatified_date = 10 October 2020
| beatified_place = [[wikipedia:Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi|Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi]], Assisi, Italy,
| beatified_by = [[wikipedia:Agostino Vallini|Cardinal Agostino Vallini]] (on behalf of [[wikipedia:Pope Francis|Pope Francis]])
| canonized_date = 
| canonized_by =
| major_shrine = [[wikipedia:Santa Maria Maggiore, Assisi|Santa Maria Maggiore (Sanctuary of the Spoliation)]], [[wikipedia:Assisi|Assisi]], Italy
| resting_place = [[wikipedia:Santa Maria Maggiore, Assisi|Santa Maria Maggiore, Assisi]]
| feast_day = 12 October
| patronage = {{unbulleted list|[[wikipedia:Youth|Youth]]<ref name="0MBLl" />|[[wikipedia:Computer programmer|Computer programmer]]s<ref name="rousselle" /><br>[[wikipedia:Internet celebrity|Influencers]]<ref>[https://www.npr.org/2024/07/01/nx-s1-5024766/carlo-acutis-first-millennial-saint-pope-canonization]</ref>}}
}}
'''Carlo Acutis''' (3 May 1991 – 12 October 2006) was a British-born<ref>{{Cite web |last=Syed |first=Armani |date=2024-05-24 |title=British-Born Teenager Set to Become First Millennial Saint |url=https://time.com/6981999/carlo-acutis-teenager-to-become-first-millennial-saint-vatican/ |access-date=2024-11-04 |website=TIME |language=en}}</ref> Italian [[wikipedia:website designer|website designer]] who documented [[wikipedia:Eucharistic miracle|Eucharistic miracle]]s and approved [[wikipedia:Marian apparition|Marian apparition]]s, and catalogued both on a website he designed before his death from [[wikipedia:leukaemia|leukaemia]].<ref name="SEB" /> Acutis was noted for his cheerfulness, computer skills, and devotion to the [[wikipedia:Eucharist|Eucharist]], which became a core theme of his life.<ref name="CN" />

He was [[wikipedia:beatification|beatified]] by [[wikipedia:Pope Francis|Pope Francis]] on 10 October 2020. After a second miracle attributed to the intercession of Acutis was confirmed in May 2024, Pope Francis granted approval in July 2024 to continue forward with canonization, which is scheduled for 27 April 2025.<ref name=canon>{{Cite news |last=Mares |first=Courtney |date=20 Nov 2024 |title=Pope Francis announces 2025 canonizations for Carlo Acutis, Pier Giorgio Frassati during Jubilee celebrations |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/260581/carlo-acutis-and-pier-giorgio-frassati-to-be-canonized-in-2025-pope-francis-announces-dates |access-date=20 Nov 2024 |work=Catholic News Agency}}</ref>

==Early life==
Carlo Acutis was born in London, England, on 3 May 1991, to Andrea Acutis and Antonia Salzano, members of wealthy Italian families.<ref name="CN" /><ref name="alwasys" /><ref name="vite" />{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=16, 18–19}} His father's family worked in the Italian insurance industry and his mother's ran a publishing company.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=18–19}} Acutis's maternal great-grandmother was born in the United States and came from a family of landowners in New York.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=20}} His baptism took place on 18 May 1991 in the Church of [[wikipedia:Our Lady of Dolours, Chelsea|Our Lady of Dolours, Chelsea]].<ref name="rcdow" /> His paternal grandfather, Carlo, was his godfather; and his maternal grandmother, Luana, was his godmother.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=16}} Neither of his parents were religious.<ref name="SEB" /><ref name="CN" /><ref name="7NZyz" />

Acutis's parents worked in London and Germany before he was born, and moved to [[wikipedia:Milan|Milan]] shortly after, in September 1991.<ref name="CN" /><ref name="7NZyz" />{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=19}} They worked in family businesses and he was cared for by an Irish nanny.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=18–19}} Aside from a few visits to a daycare centre, most of Acutis's early care came from nannies.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=41}} During one daycare visit, he was bullied by other children. A Polish nanny, who thought he was too nice, tried to teach him to set boundaries so that other children would not take his toys. He replied: "Jesus would not be happy if I lost my temper."{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=19}} In the summer, Acutis would stay with his mother's parents in [[wikipedia:Centola|Centola]].{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=20}} After spending the day at the beach, he would join a number of older women in the local parish church to pray the rosary.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=22}} His family also owned a boat at [[wikipedia:Santa Margherita Ligure|Santa Margherita Ligure]], near the Basilica of St. Margaret of Antiochia.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=82}}

Acutis attended his first primary school in September 1997, the San Carlo Institute in Milan; but as the school was a distance from their home, three months later he transferred to the Marcelline Tommaseo Institute, run by the [[wikipedia:Saint Marcellina|Sisters of St. Marcellina]]. {{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=23, 191}} During his walks to school, he took particular interest in the foreign caretakers of the different homes along his route; learning their names and stopping to greet them personally each morning.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=23-24}} Upon completing middle school, Acutis went on to the [[wikipedia:Jesuits|Jesuit]] [[wikipedia:Leo XIII Institute, Milan|Instituto Leone XIII]] high school.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=46, 191, 192}} Although he was an average student, he liked to read and pursued other academic areas independently, including computer science and teaching himself the saxophone.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=46-47}} Acutis also had a tutor who helped him with his homework and followed him to church.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=48}}

On 16 June 1998, when he was seven years old, Acutis received his [[wikipedia:First Communion|First Communion]] at the [[wikipedia:convent|convent]] of [[wikipedia:Sant'Ambrogio ad Nemus, Milan|Sant'Ambrogio ad Nemus, Milan]].{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=91, 191}} Acutis was also a frequent communicant and attended [[wikipedia:Eucharistic Adoration|Eucharistic Adoration]].{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=100}} He was confirmed five years later on 24 May 2003 at Santa Maria Segreta Church.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=192}}

===Family life===
Acutis's mother Antonia grew up in a secular family.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=151}} She was confirmed while she was in college and was married in the church, but she did not attend Mass before Acutis was born.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=187}} Her son's faith and his insistent questions brought her back to the faith.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=151}} It was similar for his father.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=159}} Antonia was asked and agreed to lead a catechism class after Acutis made his First Communion, though she did not feel qualified to do so.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=187}} During his lifetime, Carlo remained an only child and his cousin, Flavia, was his best friend.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=50}} Precisely four years to the day after his death, his mother, Antonia, then aged 44, gave birth to twins, Michele and Francesca. She is said to attribute this event to her son's intercession.<ref name="mom" />{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=188}}

The Acutises employed a [[wikipedia:Brahmin|Brahmin]] immigrant from India, Rajesh Mohur, to work in their household. He and Acutis became friends.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=28-29}} In time, after speaking with Acutis about Christianity, Mohur asked to be baptized. A friend of Mohur's, Seeven Kistnen, also converted and was baptized after meeting with Acutis and hearing him speak about the faith.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=31-32}} Mohur's mother, visiting from [[wikipedia:Mauritius|Mauritius]], attended Mass with Mohur and Acutis, who talked with her at length afterwards, and she too asked to be baptized.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Hindu man who converted after meeting Carlo Acutis |url=https://aleteia.org/2023/06/20/the-hindu-man-who-converted-after-meeting-carlo-acutis/ |access-date=27 May 2024 |work=Aleteia — Catholic Spirituality, Lifestyle, World News, and Culture |date=20 June 2023 |language=en |archive-date=27 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527150159/https://aleteia.org/2023/06/20/the-hindu-man-who-converted-after-meeting-carlo-acutis/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Religious education and devotion==
When Acutis was three years old, his maternal grandfather, Antonio Salzano, died. Several days earlier, he was present when his grandfather received the [[wikipedia:Anointing of the Sick|Anointing of the Sick]].{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=43–44}} The grandfather was said to have appeared to him in a dream asking for prayer. Shortly after his death, Acutis put on his coat while his grandmother was minding him and asked to be taken to church. When she asked him why, he said he wanted to pray for his grandfather, whom he declared "had gone to see Jesus".{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=45}} When Acutis displayed an interest in Catholic religious practice, his questions were answered by the family's Polish babysitter.<ref name="kock" /><ref name="kath" />

When Acutis was 12 years old, he became a catechist in his parish, Santa Maria Segreta. At the time, the Italian catechetical structure typically relied on young team leaders in youth groups, as contrasted with adults, to deliver religious education to their peers.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=109, 124}} Acutis's parish priest said of him that:

{{blockquote|Carlo was a young man who was exceptionally transparent. He really wanted to progress in loving his parents, God, his classmates, and those who loved him less. He wanted to apply himself in his studies to educate himself in his catechism class as well as in school and computer science.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=70}}}}

Acutis showed an interest in the lives of saints, especially [[wikipedia:Francis of Assisi|Francis of Assisi]], [[wikipedia:Francisco and Jacinta Marto|Francisco and Jacinta Marto]], [[wikipedia:Dominic Savio|Dominic Savio]], [[wikipedia:Tarcisius|Tarcisius]], [[wikipedia:Bernadette Soubirous|Bernadette Soubirous]],<ref name="SEB" /> and [[wikipedia:Mary Magdalene de' Pazzi|Mary Magdalene de' Pazzi]].{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=98}} He is said to have prayed to his guardian angel frequently and exhibited a special devotion to [[wikipedia:Michael (archangel)|St. Michael the Archangel]].{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=189}}

==Websites==
People around him considered him a "[[wikipedia:computer geek|computer geek]]" due to his passion for and skill with computers and the internet.<ref name="CN" /><ref name="SEB" /> He was skilled in [[wikipedia:Java (programming language)|Java]] as well as [[wikipedia:C++|C++]]{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=124}} and often helped others with technical issues.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=132-3}} When he was 14, his parish priest asked him to create a webpage for his parish, [[wikipedia:Santa Maria Segreta|Santa Maria Segreta]] in Milan.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=124}} After this, a priest at his high school asked him to create a website to promote volunteering. For this work, he won a national competition called "Sarai volontario" (You will be a volunteer).{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=126}}

Keen to transmit the faith to a younger generation,{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=109}} Acutis applied himself to creating a website dedicated to cataloguing each reported [[wikipedia:Eucharistic miracle|Eucharistic miracle]] in the world and maintaining a list of the approved [[wikipedia:Marian apparition|Marian apparitions]] of the Catholic Church. He appreciated Blessed [[wikipedia:James Alberione|Giacomo Alberione]]'s initiatives to use the media to evangelize and proclaim the [[wikipedia:Gospel|Gospel]], aiming to do likewise with his own website.<ref>{{cite news |last=Murphy |first=Alyssa |title=17 Things Every Catholic Should Know About Soon-to-be-Saint Carlo Acutis |url=https://www.ncregister.com/blog/17-things-every-catholic-should-know-about-carlo-acutis |newspaper=National Catholic Register |access-date=24 May 2024 |date=7 October 2020 |archive-date=22 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922143844/https://www.ncregister.com/blog/17-things-every-catholic-should-know-about-carlo-acutis |url-status=live }}</ref> Acutis launched the website in 2004{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=192}} and worked on it for two and a half years, involving his entire family in the project. It was unveiled on 4 October 2006, the Feast of St. Francis, only days before his death.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=128}} Because he was hospitalized, Acutis was not able to attend the debut of his exhibition at Rome's [[wikipedia:Sant'Ambrogio e Carlo al Corso|Church of San Carlo Borromeo]].{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=129}} The exhibition was also presented at his high school, the Leo XIII Institute.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=128}}

==Illness and death==
On 1 October 2006, Acutis developed an inflammation of the throat. His parents took him to a doctor who diagnosed [[wikipedia:parotitis|parotitis]] and dehydration, which a second doctor, a family friend, confirmed.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=160}} A few days later, Acutis's pain worsened and he had blood in his urine. By Sunday, 8 October, Acutis was too weak to get out of bed to go to Mass. Acutis was taken to a clinic that specialized in blood diseases and was diagnosed with [[wikipedia:acute promyelocytic leukemia|acute promyelocytic leukemia]].{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=161}} He was given little chance of recovery. He was rushed to intensive care and put on a respirator. After a sleepless night, Acutis was transferred to San Gerardo Hospital north of Milan, one of only three hospitals in Italy equipped to treat his condition.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=162–163}}

The hospital staff called in their chaplain and he performed the [[wikipedia:anointing of the sick|anointing of the sick]]. When a nurse came in to care for Acutis, Acutis asked her not to wake his parents since they were already very tired and he did not want to worry them more.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=164}} Acutis offered his suffering both for [[wikipedia:Pope Benedict XVI|Pope Benedict XVI]] and for the Catholic Church, saying:, "I offer to the Lord the sufferings that I will have to undergo for the Pope and for the Church."<ref name="generation" />{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=161}} The doctors treating his final illness had asked him if he was in great pain, to which he replied, "There are people who suffer much more than me".<ref name="CN" />{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=164}} His final words to his mother were:

{{blockquote|Mom, don't be afraid. Since Jesus became a man, death has become the passage towards life, and we don't need to flee it. Let us prepare ourselves to experience something extraordinary in the eternal life.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=152}}}}

Acutis fell into a coma and was taken to the intensive care unit where he underwent a blood-cleansing treatment. After a [[wikipedia:cerebral haemorrhage|cerebral haemorrhage]], he was pronounced brain-dead on 11 October, aged 15. Acutis died the next day, 12 October 2006, at 6:45{{nbsp}}p.m.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=165}} His parents brought his body home, where people came for four days to pay their last respects. A crowd of strangers attended his funeral, including young people who had abandoned the Church and those who returned for a memorial Mass three months later.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=166-168}}

===Exhumation to Assisi===
[[wikipedia:File:Carlo Acutis - hrob a kenotaf.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.1|Tomb of Carlo Acutis at the [[Santa Maria Maggiore, Assisi|Sanctuary of the Spoliation]] in [[wikipedia:Assisi|Assisi]], Italy]]

It was Acutis's final wish to be buried in Assisi. On 6 April 2019, his body was brought to the [[wikipedia:Santa Maria Maggiore, Assisi|Sanctuary of the Spoliation]] and [[wikipedia:Veneration|venerated]] at its final resting place. Overnight, the procession stopped at the [[wikipedia:Cathedral of San Rufino|Cathedral of San Rufino]] and the diocesan choir sang a {{lang|it|Non io, ma Dio,}} ("Not me, but God"), a hymn especially composed for the occasion by Marco Mammoli.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=175-177}} While Acutis's body may appear [[wikipedia:incorrupt|incorrupt]] behind the view glass, it is actually encased in a wax layer that was molded to look like his body prior to burial—this practice is common for the presentation of saints' bodies so that pilgrims can see the saints as they were when they died.<ref name="Aleteia1">{{cite web |last1=Kosloski |first1=Philip |title=Is the body of Blessed Carlo Acutis incorrupt? |url=https://aleteia.org/2023/10/09/is-the-body-of-bl-carlo-acutis-incorrupt |website=Aleteia |access-date=17 October 2024}}</ref> The rector of Santa Maria Maggiore in Assisi, where Carlo’s tomb is housed, said that Acutis's body was discovered "fully integral," though not intact.<ref name="Aleteia2">{{cite web |last1=Kosloski |first1=Philip |title=How Blessed Carlo Acutis' tomb highlights the universal call to holiness |url=https://aleteia.org/2022/06/07/bl-carlo-acutis-tomb-reopened-for-visitors-in-assisi |website=Aleteia |access-date=17 October 2024}}</ref><ref name="CNA1">{{cite web |last1=Mares |first1=Courtney |title=Tomb of Carlo Acutis is opened for veneration ahead of beatification |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/46045/tomb-of-carlo-acutis-is-opened-for-veneration-ahead-of-beatification |website=Catholic News Agency |publisher=EWTN News |access-date=17 October 2024}}</ref>

== Legacy ==
In 2020 the Catholic Church recognised the curing of a child's pancreatic disease as a miracle attributed to Acutis's intercession. Following this, Acutis's mother told the press that her son had appeared to her in dreams saying that he would be not only beatified but also canonized a saint in the future.<ref name="beato" /> A website was created for his canonization cause. Others were created for educators, young people, and prayer groups, and for each of the four exhibitions that he inspired.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=131}}

In memory of Acutis, Bishops [[wikipedia:Raffaello Martinelli|Raffaello Martinelli]] and [[wikipedia:Angelo Comastri|Angelo Comastri]] have helped to organize a traveling photo exhibition of all the Eucharistic miracle sites. It has since traveled to dozens of different countries across five continents.<ref name="photo" /> The preface to the print version of the exhibit was written by Cardinal [[wikipedia:Angelo Comastri|Angelo Comastri]]{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=128}} and has been translated into 18 languages. It has traveled to more than 10,000 places, including churches, congressional palaces, youth clubs, and welcome centers. The exhibit was also brought to the canonization of [[wikipedia:Francisco and Jacinta Marto|Francisco and Jacinta Marto]] in [[wikipedia:Fatima, Portugal|Fatima, Portugal]].{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=130}}

===Praise and life adaptations===
[[wikipedia:File:Carlo Acutis Relic in Aquinas House, Dartmouth College.jpg|thumb|Relics of Blessed Carlo Acutis and [[Manuel González García (bishop)|Saint Manuel González García]] visiting the St. Clement Chapel at Dartmouth College]]
In the document that concluded the [[wikipedia:Synod on Young People|Synod on Young People]] in 2018, [[wikipedia:Pope Francis|Pope Francis]] called Acutis a model for people who live normal lives to grow in holiness,{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=171}} and praised him:

{{blockquote|Carlo did not fall into a trap. He saw that many young people, if they seem to be different, end up, in reality, looking like each other, by running behind what powerful people impose on them via mechanisms of consumption and stupor. In this way, they do not let the gifts that the Lord has made for them flow into them. They do not offer the world these personal and unique gifts that the Lord has sown in each one of them.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=51-2}}}}

In April 2022, the first life-sized statue of Acutis in the United Kingdom was erected at [[wikipedia:Carfin Grotto|Carfin Grotto]], [[wikipedia:North Lanarkshire|North Lanarkshire]], Scotland.<ref name="statue" /><ref name="grotto" /> A [[wikipedia:stained-glass window|stained-glass window]] dedicated to Acutis was installed in [[wikipedia:St Aldhelm's Church, Malmesbury|St Aldhelm's Church, Malmesbury]] later in the same year, with his image chosen to connect with younger parishioners.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Pepinster |first1=Catherine |title=The video game-loving teen who was made a saint – and immortalised in a Wiltshire church window |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2024/05/24/saint-carlos-acutis-gods-influencer-millennial-catholic/ |access-date=15 July 2024 |work=The Telegraph |date=24 May 2024}}</ref> In 2024, [[wikipedia:Timothy Schmalz|Timothy Schmalz]] created a sculpture of Acutis featuring a crucified image of Jesus emerging from his chest.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sculptor comes to know Carlo Acutis as he works amid crowds |url=https://aleteia.org/2024/07/19/sculptor-says-carlo-acutis-a-modern-day-david-media-is-his-sling/ |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=Aleteia — Catholic Spirituality, Lifestyle, World News, and Culture |language=en}}</ref>

[[wikipedia:Relics|Relics]] of Carlo Acutis, along with his Eucharistic miracles photo exhibition, have been touring around the world.<ref name="aleteia" /> Adaptations of Acutis's life story include a comic book<ref name="cwr" /> and a video game.<ref name="vr" />

==Beatification==
[[wikipedia:File:Assisi - Chiesa di Santa Maria Maggiore - 2023-09-21 13-24-47 002.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[wikipedia:Santa Maria Maggiore, Assisi|Santa Maria Maggiore, Assisi]], Acutis's burial place]]
The call for Acutis to be beatified began not long after his death.<ref name="CN" /> On 12 October 2012, the sixth anniversary of his death, the [[wikipedia:Archdiocese of Milan|Archdiocese of Milan]] opened the cause for canonization.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=170}}

The campaign gained momentum on 13 May 2013, when the [[wikipedia:Congregation for the Causes of Saints|Congregation for the Causes of Saints]] issued a ''[[wikipedia:nihil obstat|nihil obstat]]'' stating there was nothing preventing the cause from moving forward.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=171}} He was then named a [[wikipedia:Servant of God|Servant of God]], the first stage on the path towards sainthood.<ref name="SEB" /><ref name="CS" /> The [[wikipedia:Lombardy|Lombardy]] Episcopal Conference approved the petition for the official canonization cause to proceed at a meeting in 2013.<ref name="CS" />

The opening of the diocesan investigation was held on 15 February 2013, with Cardinal [[wikipedia:Angelo Scola|Angelo Scola]] inaugurating the process, and concluding it on 24 November 2016. Scola said Acutis was not called to be "a movie star, but a star in Heaven" and that Acutis was "a new treasure in the Ambrosian church".{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=174}} The formal introduction to the cause occurred on 13 May 2013, and Acutis became titled a "Servant of God". [[wikipedia:Pope Francis|Pope Francis]] next confirmed his life as one of [[wikipedia:heroic virtue|heroic virtue]] on 5 July 2018, declaring him [[wikipedia:Venerable|Venerable]].<ref name="patron" />{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=178}}

[[wikipedia:File:Reliquary with the heart of Carlo Acutis.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Heart relic of Carlo Acutis]]
On 14 November 2019, the [[wikipedia:Holy See|Vatican's]] Medical Council of the [[wikipedia:Congregation for the Causes of Saints|Congregation for the Causes of Saints]] expressed a positive opinion about a miracle in Brazil attributed to Acutis's intercession.<ref name="filipe" /><ref name="whiz" /> Luciana Vianna had taken her son, Mattheus, who was born with a pancreatic defect that made eating difficult, to a prayer service. Beforehand, she had prayed a [[wikipedia:novena|novena]] asking for the teenager Acutis's intercession. During the service, Mattheus had asked that he should not "throw up as much". Immediately following the service, he told his mother that he felt healed and asked for solid food when he came home. Until then, he had been on an all-liquid diet.<ref name="Miracle" /><ref name="osv" /> After a detailed investigation, [[wikipedia:Pope Francis|Pope Francis]] confirmed the miracle's authenticity in a decree on 21 February 2020, leading to Acutis's [[wikipedia:beatification|beatification]].

Within a month of the decree, the beatification ceremony was postponed due to the [[wikipedia:COVID-19 pandemic in Italy|COVID-19 pandemic in Italy]], during which the country was placed on lockdown. It was rescheduled for 10 October 2020 and was held in the Upper Church of the [[wikipedia:Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi|Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi]] in Assisi, Italy, with Cardinal [[wikipedia:Agostino Vallini|Agostino Vallini]] presiding on the Pope's behalf.<ref name="declared" /><ref name="indian" /> {{as of|2019}}, the [[wikipedia:postulator|postulator]] for Acutis's cause is Nicola Gori.<ref name="CS" /><ref name="Venerable" />

Since the beatification ceremony on 10 October 2020, his relics have been on display with his tomb in the Church of [[wikipedia:Santa Maria Maggiore, Assisi|Santa Maria Maggiore]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lucie-Smith |first=Alexander |date=October 27, 2020 |title=Do not be afraid – a pilgrim is profoundly moved by his visits to the Blessed Carlo Acutis |url=https://www.thetablet.co.uk/blogs/1/1632/do-not-be-afraid-a-pilgrim-is-profoundly-moved-by-his-visits-to-the-blessed-carlo-acutis |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101052624/https://www.thetablet.co.uk/blogs/1/1632/do-not-be-afraid-a-pilgrim-is-profoundly-moved-by-his-visits-to-the-blessed-carlo-acutis |archive-date=November 1, 2020 |website=The Tablet}}</ref>

== Canonization process ==
On 23 May 2024, Pope Francis recognized a second miracle attributed to the intercession of Acutis.<ref name="second" /><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cd11kyy58dgo |title=Pope clears way for 'God's influencer' to become a saint |publisher=BBC News |date=23 May 2024 |accessdate=25 May 2024 |archive-date=24 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524171257/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cd11kyy58dgo |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/pope-clears-sainthood-italian-millennial-known-gods-influencer-2024-05-23/ | title=Pope clears sainthood for Italian Millennial known as 'God's Influencer' |publisher=Reuters |date=23 May 2024 |access-date=25 May 2024}}</ref> The miracle attributed to his intercession occurred in 2022 when a [[wikipedia:Costa Rican|Costa Rican]] woman named Valeria had fallen off her bike and suffered a [[wikipedia:brain haemorrhage|brain haemorrhage]] with doctors giving her a low chance of survival. Valeria's mother, Lilliana, prayed for the intercession of Acutis and visited his tomb. The same day, Valeria began to breathe independently again and was able to walk the next day with all evidence of the haemorrhage having disappeared.<ref name="saint" />

On 1 July 2024, Pope Francis presided at an [[wikipedia:Papal consistory|Ordinary Consistory of Cardinals]], which approved the canonization of 15 people, including Blessed Carlo Acutis.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-01 |title=Carlo Acutis and 14 Blesseds approved for canonization - Vatican News |url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2024-07/consistory-cardinals-carlo-acutis-martyrs-canonization.html |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=www.vaticannews.va |language=en}}</ref> On 20 November 2024, it was announced that Acutis would be canonized during the Jubilee of Youth from 25–27 April 2025, with the Diocese of Assisi confirming it would be on Sunday, 27 April.<ref name=canon/>

== See also ==
* [[wikipedia:Chronological list of saints and blesseds in the 21st century|Chronological list of saints and blesseds in the 21st century]]
* [[wikipedia:List of beatified people|List of beatified people]]

== References ==

{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="0MBLl">{{citation|publisher=[[wikipedia:Cardinal Newman Society|Cardinal Newman Society]]|date=9 December 2016|title=Young Creator of 'Eucharistic Miracles' Exhibit Can Be Role Model for Students|first=Adam |last=Cassandra}}</ref>
<ref name="7NZyz">{{cite web |last=Smith |first=Scott |title=Blessed Biographies: Carlo Acutis, Future Patron Saint of the Internet |url=https://www.thescottsmithblog.com/2018/01/blessed-biographies-carlo-acutis-future.html |website=All Roads Lead to Rome |access-date=27 July 2021 |archive-date=27 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727141505/https://www.thescottsmithblog.com/2018/01/blessed-biographies-carlo-acutis-future.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="aleteia">{{Cite web |date=9 June 2023 |title=Relic of Blessed Carlo Acutis headed to Ireland in June |url=https://aleteia.org/2023/06/09/relic-of-blessed-carlo-acutis-headed-to-ireland-in-june/ |access-date=26 October 2023 |website=Aleteia |archive-date=26 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026190723/https://aleteia.org/2023/06/09/relic-of-blessed-carlo-acutis-headed-to-ireland-in-june/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="alwasys">{{Cite news|url=https://www.ncregister.com/features/carlo-acutis-always-lived-in-the-presence-of-god|title=Carlo Acutis 'Always Lived in the Presence of God'|newspaper=National Catholic Register|date=27 June 2020|access-date=10 October 2020|archive-date=30 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930160156/https://www.ncregister.com/features/carlo-acutis-always-lived-in-the-presence-of-god|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="beato">{{Cite web|title=Carlo Acutis futuro beato. La mamma: "Ha aiutato tante anime ad avvicinarsi a Dio"|url=https://www.agensir.it/chiesa/2020/02/22/carlo-acutis-futuro-beato-la-mamma-ha-aiutato-tante-anime-ad-avvicinarsi-a-dio/|access-date=11 October 2020|website=Agensir|date=22 February 2020|language=it|archive-date=10 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135047/https://www.agensir.it/chiesa/2020/02/22/carlo-acutis-futuro-beato-la-mamma-ha-aiutato-tante-anime-ad-avvicinarsi-a-dio/|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="CN">{{cite news|url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/10773/italy-moved-by-teen-who-offers-life-for-the-church-and-the-pope|title=Italy moved by teen who offers life for the Church and the Pope|date=24 October 2007|access-date=6 May 2017|publisher=Catholic News Agency|archive-date=11 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170311133329/http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/italy_moved_by_teen_who_offers_life_for_the_church_and_the_pope/|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="CS">{{cite web|url=http://www.carloacutis.com/en/association/comunicati-postulatore|title=Cause of beatification starts!|date=2013|publisher=Associazione Amici di Carlo Acutis|access-date=31 October 2017|archive-date=21 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170421184350/http://www.carloacutis.com/en/association/comunicati-postulatore|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="cwr">{{Cite magazine |last=Yoder |first=Katie |title=Carlo Acutis comic book: Meet the teenager who loved the Eucharist |url=https://www.catholicworldreport.com/2022/11/27/carlo-acutis-comic-book-meet-the-teenager-who-loved-the-eucharist/ |access-date=6 April 2024 |magazine=[[wikipedia:The Catholic World Report|The Catholic World Report]] |archive-date=21 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240221081920/https://www.catholicworldreport.com/2022/11/27/carlo-acutis-comic-book-meet-the-teenager-who-loved-the-eucharist/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="declared">{{Cite news|title=Beatification of Carlo Acutis: The First Millennial Is Declared 'Blessed'|url=https://www.ncregister.com/news/beatification-of-carlo-acutis-the-first-millennial-is-declared-blessed|access-date=11 October 2020|newspaper=[[wikipedia:National Catholic Register|National Catholic Register]]|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=11 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011104248/https://www.ncregister.com/news/beatification-of-carlo-acutis-the-first-millennial-is-declared-blessed|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="filipe">{{cite web |last=Filipe |first=Domingues |title=Carlo Acutis could become the first millennial saint. Here's the story behind his first miracle. |date=20 November 2020 |url=https://www.americamagazine.org/faith/2020/11/20/blessed-carlo-acutis-saint-relics-millennial-miracle |access-date=12 July 2021 |archive-date=12 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712082026/https://www.americamagazine.org/faith/2020/11/20/blessed-carlo-acutis-saint-relics-millennial-miracle |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="generation">{{Cite web|date=10 October 2020|title=Carlo Acutis: Millennial generation has a Blessed – Vatican News|url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/church/news/2020-10/carlo-acutis-blessed-assisi-eucharist-patron-internet.html|access-date=11 October 2020|website=[[wikipedia:Vatican News|Vatican News]]|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013220117/https://www.vaticannews.va/en/church/news/2020-10/carlo-acutis-blessed-assisi-eucharist-patron-internet.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="grotto">{{Cite web |title=The UK's First Statue of Blessed Carlo Acutis |author=Carfin Grotto |via=Facebook |url=https://www.facebook.com/carfingrotto/videos/the-uks-first-statue-of-blessed-carlo-acutis/990194201888646/ |date=29 April 2022 |access-date=31 July 2022 |archive-date=31 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220731044045/https://www.facebook.com/carfingrotto/videos/the-uks-first-statue-of-blessed-carlo-acutis/990194201888646/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="indian">{{cite news | url = https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2020-02/pope-francis-decrees-causes-saints-india-devasahayam.html | title = Indian martyr, Devasahayam, cleared for sainthood | date = 22 February 2020 | first = Robin | last = Gomes | website = Vatican News | access-date = 22 February 2020 | archive-date = 22 February 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200222141214/https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2020-02/pope-francis-decrees-causes-saints-india-devasahayam.html | url-status = live }}</ref>
<ref name="kath">{{cite web |url=https://www.kathpress.at/goto/meldung/1948229/biograf-polnische-babysitterin-lehrte-seligen-carlo-acutis-beten |title=Biograf. Polnische Babysitterin lehrte seligen Carlo Acutis beten |publisher=kathpress.at |date=27 October 2020 |language=de |access-date=27 October 2020 |trans-title=Biography. The Polish babysitter taught blessed Carlo Acutis to pray |archive-date=31 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031053641/https://www.kathpress.at/goto/meldung/1948229/biograf-polnische-babysitterin-lehrte-seligen-carlo-acutis-beten |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="kock">{{cite journal|author=Kock, Claudia|url=https://www.die-tagespost.de/kirche-aktuell/wochenheiliger/der-wochenheilige-der-selige-carlo-acutis;art4876,212607|title=Der Wochenheilige. Der selige Carlo Acutis|journal=Die Tagespost|date=11 October 2020|language=de|access-date=11 October 2020|trans-title=This week's saint. Blessed Carlo Acutis|archive-date=11 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011130750/https://www.die-tagespost.de/kirche-aktuell/wochenheiliger/der-wochenheilige-der-selige-carlo-acutis;art4876,212607|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Miracle">{{Cite news|url=https://www.ncregister.com/news/the-miracle-attributed-to-carlo-acutis-prayers|title=The Miracle Attributed to Carlo Acutis' Prayers|newspaper=National Catholic Register|date=10 October 2020|access-date=10 October 2020|archive-date=1 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101112836/https://www.ncregister.com/news/the-miracle-attributed-to-carlo-acutis-prayers|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="mom">{{Cite news|title=Mom of Carlo Acutis says son led her back to the Catholic faith|url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/mom-of-carlo-acutis-says-son-led-her-back-to-the-catholic-faith-34118|access-date=11 October 2020|agency=Catholic News Agency|archive-date=5 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805141541/https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/mom-of-carlo-acutis-says-son-led-her-back-to-the-catholic-faith-34118|url-status=dead}}</ref>

<ref name="osv">{{Cite web|url=https://www.osvnews.com/2020/02/24/with-a-miracle-approved-beatification-awaits-computer-programer-carlo-acutis/|title=With a miracle approved, beatification awaits computer programmer Carlo Acutis|date=24 February 2020|access-date=4 October 2020|archive-date=8 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008143311/https://www.osvnews.com/2020/02/24/with-a-miracle-approved-beatification-awaits-computer-programer-carlo-acutis/|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="patron">{{Cite web|url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/38810/venerable-carlo-acutis-a-patron-of-computer-programmers|title=Venerable Carlo Acutis: A patron of computer programmers?|agency=Catholic News Agency|access-date=12 August 2018|archive-date=6 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706102021/https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/venerable-carlo-acutis-a-patron-of-computer-programmers-69517|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="photo">{{cite news|url=http://www.catholicregister.org/item/22446-photo-exhibit-chronicles-the-miracles-of-the-eucharist|title=Photo exhibit chronicles the miracle of the Eucharist|author=Jean Ko Din|newspaper=The Catholic Register|date=4 June 2016|access-date=6 May 2017|archive-date=13 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170713135255/http://www.catholicregister.org/item/22446-photo-exhibit-chronicles-the-miracles-of-the-eucharist|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="rcdow">{{cite web|url=https://rcdow.org.uk/news/carlo-acutis-baptised-at-fulham-road-/|title=Carlo Acutis beatified in Assisi|date=13 October 2020|publisher=rcdow.org.uk Diocese of Westminster|access-date=17 October 2020|archive-date=18 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018184859/https://rcdow.org.uk/news/carlo-acutis-baptised-at-fulham-road-/|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="rousselle">{{Cite news|last=Rousselle|first=Christine|title=Millennial and Gen Z Catholics love Carlo Acutis. Here's why|url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/46147/millennial-and-gen-z-catholics-love-carlo-acutis-heres-why|access-date=11 October 2020|agency=Catholic News Agency|archive-date=15 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115233538/https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/millennials-and-gen-z-catholics-love-carlo-acutis-heres-why-27150|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="saint">{{cite web | url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2024-05/pope-francis-saints-decrees-miracle-acutis-allamano.html | title=Pope Francis clears path for canonization of Blessed Carlo Acutis – Vatican News | date=23 May 2024 | access-date=23 May 2024 | archive-date=23 May 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523151052/https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2024-05/pope-francis-saints-decrees-miracle-acutis-allamano.html | url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="SEB">{{cite web|url=http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/93910|title=Servant of God Carlo Acutis|publisher=Santi e Beati|access-date=31 October 2017|archive-date=11 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011034206/http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/93910|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="second">{{cite web | url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/257780/carlo-acutis-to-be-first-millennial-saint-pope-francis-recognizes-miracle-for-canonization | title=Carlo Acutis to be canonized: Pope Francis recognizes second miracle | access-date=23 May 2024 | archive-date=23 May 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523151052/https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/257780/carlo-acutis-to-be-first-millennial-saint-pope-francis-recognizes-miracle-for-canonization | url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="statue">{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-DW9jkBAk7E | title=The UK's First Statue of Blessed Carlo Acutis | via=YouTube | date=29 April 2022 | access-date=30 April 2022 | archive-date=30 April 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220430195949/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-DW9jkBAk7E | url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="Venerable">{{Cite web|date=30 July 2019|title=Venerable Teenager|url=https://www.messengersaintanthony.com/content/venerable-teenager|publisher=Messenger of Saint Anthony|access-date=23 May 2024|archive-date=8 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231208200548/https://www.messengersaintanthony.com/content/venerable-teenager|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="vite">{{Cite book|title=Vite vissute Cultura & Società|author=Guatri Luigi|date=14 January 2014|publisher=EGEA spa|language=it|isbn=978-8823876057}} Acutis family background and leading role in Italy's business community.</ref>
<ref name="vr">{{Cite web |date=15 March 2023 |title=Step into the shoes of Blessed Carlo Acutis in new impressive VR game |url=https://aleteia.org/2023/03/15/step-into-the-shoes-of-blessed-carlo-acutis-in-new-impressive-vr-game/ |access-date=6 April 2024 |website=Aleteia |archive-date=6 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240406034947/https://aleteia.org/2023/03/15/step-into-the-shoes-of-blessed-carlo-acutis-in-new-impressive-vr-game/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="whiz">{{cite news |title=Italian teenage computer whiz beatified by Catholic church |url=https://abc7chicago.com/carlo-acutis-catholic-teen-saint-millennial-patron-of-the-internet/10477404/ |access-date=27 July 2021 |publisher=[[wikipedia:WLS-TV|WLS-TV]] |date=3 April 2021 |archive-date=27 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727140648/https://abc7chicago.com/carlo-acutis-catholic-teen-saint-millennial-patron-of-the-internet/10477404/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}

==Works cited==
*{{cite book | title = Carlo Acutis: A Millennial in Paradise | first = Will | last = Conquer | publisher = Sophia Institute Press | year = 2021 |isbn=9781644134849 }}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Carlo Acutis}}
* [http://www.carloacutis.com/en/association Official website]
* [http://www.themarianapparitions.org/en/avm/home The apparitions of Our Lady] – List of Marian apparitions catalogued by Acutis
* [http://www.miracolieucaristici.org/en/Liste/list.html Eucharistic Miracles] – List of Eucharistic miracles catalogued by Acutis
* [http://newsaints.faithweb.com/year/2006.htm 2006 Hagiography Circle]
* [https://www.carloacutis.co.uk/ Wolverhampton Parish of Blessed Carlo Acutis] – Incorporating the churches of [[wikipedia:St Peter and St Paul's Church, Wolverhampton|St Peter & Paul]], St Michael and St Bernadette.
* [https://www.osvcatholicbookstore.com/product/my-son-carlo-carlo-acutis-through-the-eyes-of-his-mother "My Son Carlo"] – biography of Carlo Acutis by his mother, Antonia Salzano Acutis

{{Portal bar|Saints|Biography|Catholicism|England|London|Italy}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Acutis, Carlo}}

[[wikipedia:Category:1991 births|Category:1991 births]]
[[wikipedia:Category:2006 deaths|Category:2006 deaths]]
[[wikipedia:Category:21st-century English people|Category:21st-century English people]]
[[wikipedia:Category:21st-century Italian people|Category:21st-century Italian people]]
[[wikipedia:Category:21st-century Roman Catholics|Category:21st-century Roman Catholics]]
[[wikipedia:Category:21st-century venerated Christians|Category:21st-century venerated Christians]]
[[wikipedia:Category:Beatifications by Pope Francis|Category:Beatifications by Pope Francis]]
[[wikipedia:Category:Child deaths|Category:Child deaths]]
[[wikipedia:Category:Deaths from acute myeloid leukemia|Category:Deaths from acute myeloid leukemia]]
[[wikipedia:Category:Deaths from cancer in Lombardy|Category:Deaths from cancer in Lombardy]]
[[wikipedia:Category:English beatified people|Category:English beatified people]]
[[wikipedia:Category:English emigrants to Italy|Category:English emigrants to Italy]] 
[[wikipedia:Category:English people of Italian descent|Category:English people of Italian descent]]
[[wikipedia:Category:English Roman Catholics|Category:English Roman Catholics]]
[[wikipedia:Category:Eucharistic miracles|Category:Eucharistic miracles]]
[[wikipedia:Category:Italian beatified people|Category:Italian beatified people]]
[[wikipedia:Category:Italian computer programmers|Category:Italian computer programmers]]
[[wikipedia:Category:Italian Roman Catholics|Category:Italian Roman Catholics]]
[[wikipedia:Category:Italian technology writers|Category:Italian technology writers]]
[[wikipedia:Category:Patrons of World Youth Day|Category:Patrons of World Youth Day]]
[[wikipedia:Category:People from London|Category:People from London]]
[[wikipedia:Category:People from Milan|Category:People from Milan]]
[[wikipedia:Category:Roman Catholic child blesseds|Category:Roman Catholic child blesseds]]
[[wikipedia:Category:Deaths from leukemia in Italy|Category:Deaths from leukemia in Italy]]
[[Category:Computer science]]

Carlo Acutis

2024-12-07T11:08:43Z

Johnrdorazio: 1 revision imported

{{Short description|Beatified Italian teenager (1991–2006)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Use British English|date=October 2020}}
{{Infobox saint
| honorific_prefix= [[Beatification|Blessed]] 
| name = Carlo Acutis
| image = Carlo Acutis (born 1991).jpg
| caption = Photograph of Carlo Acutis
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1991|05|03}}
| birth_place = [[London]], United Kingdom
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2006|10|12|1991|05|03|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Monza]], Italy
| death_cause = [[Leukaemia]]
| venerated_in = [[Catholic Church]]
| beatified_date = 10 October 2020
| beatified_place = [[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi]], Assisi, Italy,
| beatified_by = [[Agostino Vallini|Cardinal Agostino Vallini]] (on behalf of [[Pope Francis]])
| canonized_date = 
| canonized_by =
| major_shrine = [[Santa Maria Maggiore, Assisi|Santa Maria Maggiore (Sanctuary of the Spoliation)]], [[Assisi]], Italy
| resting_place = [[Santa Maria Maggiore, Assisi]]
| feast_day = 12 October
| patronage = {{unbulleted list|[[Youth]]<ref name="0MBLl" />|[[Computer programmer]]s<ref name="rousselle" /><br>[[Internet celebrity|Influencers]]<ref>[https://www.npr.org/2024/07/01/nx-s1-5024766/carlo-acutis-first-millennial-saint-pope-canonization]</ref>}}
}}
'''Carlo Acutis''' (3 May 1991 – 12 October 2006) was a British-born<ref>{{Cite web |last=Syed |first=Armani |date=2024-05-24 |title=British-Born Teenager Set to Become First Millennial Saint |url=https://time.com/6981999/carlo-acutis-teenager-to-become-first-millennial-saint-vatican/ |access-date=2024-11-04 |website=TIME |language=en}}</ref> Italian [[website designer]] who documented [[Eucharistic miracle]]s and approved [[Marian apparition]]s, and catalogued both on a website he designed before his death from [[leukaemia]].<ref name="SEB" /> Acutis was noted for his cheerfulness, computer skills, and devotion to the [[Eucharist]], which became a core theme of his life.<ref name="CN" />

He was [[beatification|beatified]] by [[Pope Francis]] on 10 October 2020. After a second miracle attributed to the intercession of Acutis was confirmed in May 2024, Pope Francis granted approval in July 2024 to continue forward with canonization, which is scheduled for 27 April 2025.<ref name=canon>{{Cite news |last=Mares |first=Courtney |date=20 Nov 2024 |title=Pope Francis announces 2025 canonizations for Carlo Acutis, Pier Giorgio Frassati during Jubilee celebrations |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/260581/carlo-acutis-and-pier-giorgio-frassati-to-be-canonized-in-2025-pope-francis-announces-dates |access-date=20 Nov 2024 |work=Catholic News Agency}}</ref>

==Early life==
Carlo Acutis was born in London, England, on 3 May 1991, to Andrea Acutis and Antonia Salzano, members of wealthy Italian families.<ref name="CN" /><ref name="alwasys" /><ref name="vite" />{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=16, 18–19}} His father's family worked in the Italian insurance industry and his mother's ran a publishing company.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=18–19}} Acutis's maternal great-grandmother was born in the United States and came from a family of landowners in New York.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=20}} His baptism took place on 18 May 1991 in the Church of [[Our Lady of Dolours, Chelsea]].<ref name="rcdow" /> His paternal grandfather, Carlo, was his godfather; and his maternal grandmother, Luana, was his godmother.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=16}} Neither of his parents were religious.<ref name="SEB" /><ref name="CN" /><ref name="7NZyz" />

Acutis's parents worked in London and Germany before he was born, and moved to [[Milan]] shortly after, in September 1991.<ref name="CN" /><ref name="7NZyz" />{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=19}} They worked in family businesses and he was cared for by an Irish nanny.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=18–19}} Aside from a few visits to a daycare centre, most of Acutis's early care came from nannies.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=41}} During one daycare visit, he was bullied by other children. A Polish nanny, who thought he was too nice, tried to teach him to set boundaries so that other children would not take his toys. He replied: "Jesus would not be happy if I lost my temper."{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=19}} In the summer, Acutis would stay with his mother's parents in [[Centola]].{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=20}} After spending the day at the beach, he would join a number of older women in the local parish church to pray the rosary.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=22}} His family also owned a boat at [[Santa Margherita Ligure]], near the Basilica of St. Margaret of Antiochia.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=82}}

Acutis attended his first primary school in September 1997, the San Carlo Institute in Milan; but as the school was a distance from their home, three months later he transferred to the Marcelline Tommaseo Institute, run by the [[Saint Marcellina|Sisters of St. Marcellina]]. {{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=23, 191}} During his walks to school, he took particular interest in the foreign caretakers of the different homes along his route; learning their names and stopping to greet them personally each morning.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=23-24}} Upon completing middle school, Acutis went on to the [[Jesuits|Jesuit]] [[Leo XIII Institute, Milan|Instituto Leone XIII]] high school.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=46, 191, 192}} Although he was an average student, he liked to read and pursued other academic areas independently, including computer science and teaching himself the saxophone.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=46-47}} Acutis also had a tutor who helped him with his homework and followed him to church.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=48}}

On 16 June 1998, when he was seven years old, Acutis received his [[First Communion]] at the [[convent]] of [[Sant'Ambrogio ad Nemus, Milan]].{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=91, 191}} Acutis was also a frequent communicant and attended [[Eucharistic Adoration]].{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=100}} He was confirmed five years later on 24 May 2003 at Santa Maria Segreta Church.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=192}}

===Family life===
Acutis's mother Antonia grew up in a secular family.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=151}} She was confirmed while she was in college and was married in the church, but she did not attend Mass before Acutis was born.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=187}} Her son's faith and his insistent questions brought her back to the faith.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=151}} It was similar for his father.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=159}} Antonia was asked and agreed to lead a catechism class after Acutis made his First Communion, though she did not feel qualified to do so.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=187}} During his lifetime, Carlo remained an only child and his cousin, Flavia, was his best friend.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=50}} Precisely four years to the day after his death, his mother, Antonia, then aged 44, gave birth to twins, Michele and Francesca. She is said to attribute this event to her son's intercession.<ref name="mom" />{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=188}}

The Acutises employed a [[Brahmin]] immigrant from India, Rajesh Mohur, to work in their household. He and Acutis became friends.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=28-29}} In time, after speaking with Acutis about Christianity, Mohur asked to be baptized. A friend of Mohur's, Seeven Kistnen, also converted and was baptized after meeting with Acutis and hearing him speak about the faith.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=31-32}} Mohur's mother, visiting from [[Mauritius]], attended Mass with Mohur and Acutis, who talked with her at length afterwards, and she too asked to be baptized.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Hindu man who converted after meeting Carlo Acutis |url=https://aleteia.org/2023/06/20/the-hindu-man-who-converted-after-meeting-carlo-acutis/ |access-date=27 May 2024 |work=Aleteia — Catholic Spirituality, Lifestyle, World News, and Culture |date=20 June 2023 |language=en |archive-date=27 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527150159/https://aleteia.org/2023/06/20/the-hindu-man-who-converted-after-meeting-carlo-acutis/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Religious education and devotion==
When Acutis was three years old, his maternal grandfather, Antonio Salzano, died. Several days earlier, he was present when his grandfather received the [[Anointing of the Sick]].{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=43–44}} The grandfather was said to have appeared to him in a dream asking for prayer. Shortly after his death, Acutis put on his coat while his grandmother was minding him and asked to be taken to church. When she asked him why, he said he wanted to pray for his grandfather, whom he declared "had gone to see Jesus".{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=45}} When Acutis displayed an interest in Catholic religious practice, his questions were answered by the family's Polish babysitter.<ref name="kock" /><ref name="kath" />

When Acutis was 12 years old, he became a catechist in his parish, Santa Maria Segreta. At the time, the Italian catechetical structure typically relied on young team leaders in youth groups, as contrasted with adults, to deliver religious education to their peers.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=109, 124}} Acutis's parish priest said of him that:

{{blockquote|Carlo was a young man who was exceptionally transparent. He really wanted to progress in loving his parents, God, his classmates, and those who loved him less. He wanted to apply himself in his studies to educate himself in his catechism class as well as in school and computer science.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=70}}}}

Acutis showed an interest in the lives of saints, especially [[Francis of Assisi]], [[Francisco and Jacinta Marto]], [[Dominic Savio]], [[Tarcisius]], [[Bernadette Soubirous]],<ref name="SEB" /> and [[Mary Magdalene de' Pazzi]].{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=98}} He is said to have prayed to his guardian angel frequently and exhibited a special devotion to [[Michael (archangel)|St. Michael the Archangel]].{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=189}}

==Websites==
People around him considered him a "[[computer geek]]" due to his passion for and skill with computers and the internet.<ref name="CN" /><ref name="SEB" /> He was skilled in [[Java (programming language)|Java]] as well as [[C++]]{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=124}} and often helped others with technical issues.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=132-3}} When he was 14, his parish priest asked him to create a webpage for his parish, [[Santa Maria Segreta]] in Milan.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=124}} After this, a priest at his high school asked him to create a website to promote volunteering. For this work, he won a national competition called "Sarai volontario" (You will be a volunteer).{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=126}}

Keen to transmit the faith to a younger generation,{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=109}} Acutis applied himself to creating a website dedicated to cataloguing each reported [[Eucharistic miracle]] in the world and maintaining a list of the approved [[Marian apparition|Marian apparitions]] of the Catholic Church. He appreciated Blessed [[James Alberione|Giacomo Alberione]]'s initiatives to use the media to evangelize and proclaim the [[Gospel]], aiming to do likewise with his own website.<ref>{{cite news |last=Murphy |first=Alyssa |title=17 Things Every Catholic Should Know About Soon-to-be-Saint Carlo Acutis |url=https://www.ncregister.com/blog/17-things-every-catholic-should-know-about-carlo-acutis |newspaper=National Catholic Register |access-date=24 May 2024 |date=7 October 2020 |archive-date=22 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922143844/https://www.ncregister.com/blog/17-things-every-catholic-should-know-about-carlo-acutis |url-status=live }}</ref> Acutis launched the website in 2004{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=192}} and worked on it for two and a half years, involving his entire family in the project. It was unveiled on 4 October 2006, the Feast of St. Francis, only days before his death.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=128}} Because he was hospitalized, Acutis was not able to attend the debut of his exhibition at Rome's [[Sant'Ambrogio e Carlo al Corso|Church of San Carlo Borromeo]].{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=129}} The exhibition was also presented at his high school, the Leo XIII Institute.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=128}}

==Illness and death==
On 1 October 2006, Acutis developed an inflammation of the throat. His parents took him to a doctor who diagnosed [[parotitis]] and dehydration, which a second doctor, a family friend, confirmed.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=160}} A few days later, Acutis's pain worsened and he had blood in his urine. By Sunday, 8 October, Acutis was too weak to get out of bed to go to Mass. Acutis was taken to a clinic that specialized in blood diseases and was diagnosed with [[acute promyelocytic leukemia]].{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=161}} He was given little chance of recovery. He was rushed to intensive care and put on a respirator. After a sleepless night, Acutis was transferred to San Gerardo Hospital north of Milan, one of only three hospitals in Italy equipped to treat his condition.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=162–163}}

The hospital staff called in their chaplain and he performed the [[anointing of the sick]]. When a nurse came in to care for Acutis, Acutis asked her not to wake his parents since they were already very tired and he did not want to worry them more.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=164}} Acutis offered his suffering both for [[Pope Benedict XVI]] and for the Catholic Church, saying:, "I offer to the Lord the sufferings that I will have to undergo for the Pope and for the Church."<ref name="generation" />{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=161}} The doctors treating his final illness had asked him if he was in great pain, to which he replied, "There are people who suffer much more than me".<ref name="CN" />{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=164}} His final words to his mother were:

{{blockquote|Mom, don't be afraid. Since Jesus became a man, death has become the passage towards life, and we don't need to flee it. Let us prepare ourselves to experience something extraordinary in the eternal life.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=152}}}}

Acutis fell into a coma and was taken to the intensive care unit where he underwent a blood-cleansing treatment. After a [[cerebral haemorrhage]], he was pronounced brain-dead on 11 October, aged 15. Acutis died the next day, 12 October 2006, at 6:45{{nbsp}}p.m.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=165}} His parents brought his body home, where people came for four days to pay their last respects. A crowd of strangers attended his funeral, including young people who had abandoned the Church and those who returned for a memorial Mass three months later.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=166-168}}

===Exhumation to Assisi===
[[File:Carlo Acutis - hrob a kenotaf.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.1|Tomb of Carlo Acutis at the [[Santa Maria Maggiore, Assisi|Sanctuary of the Spoliation]] in [[Assisi]], Italy]]

It was Acutis's final wish to be buried in Assisi. On 6 April 2019, his body was brought to the [[Santa Maria Maggiore, Assisi|Sanctuary of the Spoliation]] and [[Veneration|venerated]] at its final resting place. Overnight, the procession stopped at the [[Cathedral of San Rufino]] and the diocesan choir sang a {{lang|it|Non io, ma Dio,}} ("Not me, but God"), a hymn especially composed for the occasion by Marco Mammoli.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|pp=175-177}} While Acutis's body may appear [[incorrupt]] behind the view glass, it is actually encased in a wax layer that was molded to look like his body prior to burial—this practice is common for the presentation of saints' bodies so that pilgrims can see the saints as they were when they died.<ref name="Aleteia1">{{cite web |last1=Kosloski |first1=Philip |title=Is the body of Blessed Carlo Acutis incorrupt? |url=https://aleteia.org/2023/10/09/is-the-body-of-bl-carlo-acutis-incorrupt |website=Aleteia |access-date=17 October 2024}}</ref> The rector of Santa Maria Maggiore in Assisi, where Carlo’s tomb is housed, said that Acutis's body was discovered "fully integral," though not intact.<ref name="Aleteia2">{{cite web |last1=Kosloski |first1=Philip |title=How Blessed Carlo Acutis' tomb highlights the universal call to holiness |url=https://aleteia.org/2022/06/07/bl-carlo-acutis-tomb-reopened-for-visitors-in-assisi |website=Aleteia |access-date=17 October 2024}}</ref><ref name="CNA1">{{cite web |last1=Mares |first1=Courtney |title=Tomb of Carlo Acutis is opened for veneration ahead of beatification |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/46045/tomb-of-carlo-acutis-is-opened-for-veneration-ahead-of-beatification |website=Catholic News Agency |publisher=EWTN News |access-date=17 October 2024}}</ref>

== Legacy ==
In 2020 the Catholic Church recognised the curing of a child's pancreatic disease as a miracle attributed to Acutis's intercession. Following this, Acutis's mother told the press that her son had appeared to her in dreams saying that he would be not only beatified but also canonized a saint in the future.<ref name="beato" /> A website was created for his canonization cause. Others were created for educators, young people, and prayer groups, and for each of the four exhibitions that he inspired.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=131}}

In memory of Acutis, Bishops [[Raffaello Martinelli]] and [[Angelo Comastri]] have helped to organize a traveling photo exhibition of all the Eucharistic miracle sites. It has since traveled to dozens of different countries across five continents.<ref name="photo" /> The preface to the print version of the exhibit was written by Cardinal [[Angelo Comastri]]{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=128}} and has been translated into 18 languages. It has traveled to more than 10,000 places, including churches, congressional palaces, youth clubs, and welcome centers. The exhibit was also brought to the canonization of [[Francisco and Jacinta Marto]] in [[Fatima, Portugal]].{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=130}}

===Praise and life adaptations===
[[File:Carlo Acutis Relic in Aquinas House, Dartmouth College.jpg|thumb|Relics of Blessed Carlo Acutis and [[Manuel González García (bishop)|Saint Manuel González García]] visiting the St. Clement Chapel at Dartmouth College]]
In the document that concluded the [[Synod on Young People]] in 2018, [[Pope Francis]] called Acutis a model for people who live normal lives to grow in holiness,{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=171}} and praised him:

{{blockquote|Carlo did not fall into a trap. He saw that many young people, if they seem to be different, end up, in reality, looking like each other, by running behind what powerful people impose on them via mechanisms of consumption and stupor. In this way, they do not let the gifts that the Lord has made for them flow into them. They do not offer the world these personal and unique gifts that the Lord has sown in each one of them.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=51-2}}}}

In April 2022, the first life-sized statue of Acutis in the United Kingdom was erected at [[Carfin Grotto]], [[North Lanarkshire]], Scotland.<ref name="statue" /><ref name="grotto" /> A [[stained-glass window]] dedicated to Acutis was installed in [[St Aldhelm's Church, Malmesbury]] later in the same year, with his image chosen to connect with younger parishioners.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Pepinster |first1=Catherine |title=The video game-loving teen who was made a saint – and immortalised in a Wiltshire church window |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2024/05/24/saint-carlos-acutis-gods-influencer-millennial-catholic/ |access-date=15 July 2024 |work=The Telegraph |date=24 May 2024}}</ref> In 2024, [[Timothy Schmalz]] created a sculpture of Acutis featuring a crucified image of Jesus emerging from his chest.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sculptor comes to know Carlo Acutis as he works amid crowds |url=https://aleteia.org/2024/07/19/sculptor-says-carlo-acutis-a-modern-day-david-media-is-his-sling/ |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=Aleteia — Catholic Spirituality, Lifestyle, World News, and Culture |language=en}}</ref>

[[Relics]] of Carlo Acutis, along with his Eucharistic miracles photo exhibition, have been touring around the world.<ref name="aleteia" /> Adaptations of Acutis's life story include a comic book<ref name="cwr" /> and a video game.<ref name="vr" />

==Beatification==
[[File:Assisi - Chiesa di Santa Maria Maggiore - 2023-09-21 13-24-47 002.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Santa Maria Maggiore, Assisi]], Acutis's burial place]]
The call for Acutis to be beatified began not long after his death.<ref name="CN" /> On 12 October 2012, the sixth anniversary of his death, the [[Archdiocese of Milan]] opened the cause for canonization.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=170}}

The campaign gained momentum on 13 May 2013, when the [[Congregation for the Causes of Saints]] issued a ''[[nihil obstat]]'' stating there was nothing preventing the cause from moving forward.{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=171}} He was then named a [[Servant of God]], the first stage on the path towards sainthood.<ref name="SEB" /><ref name="CS" /> The [[Lombardy]] Episcopal Conference approved the petition for the official canonization cause to proceed at a meeting in 2013.<ref name="CS" />

The opening of the diocesan investigation was held on 15 February 2013, with Cardinal [[Angelo Scola]] inaugurating the process, and concluding it on 24 November 2016. Scola said Acutis was not called to be "a movie star, but a star in Heaven" and that Acutis was "a new treasure in the Ambrosian church".{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=174}} The formal introduction to the cause occurred on 13 May 2013, and Acutis became titled a "Servant of God". [[Pope Francis]] next confirmed his life as one of [[heroic virtue]] on 5 July 2018, declaring him [[Venerable]].<ref name="patron" />{{sfn|Conquer|2021|p=178}}

[[File:Reliquary with the heart of Carlo Acutis.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Heart relic of Carlo Acutis]]
On 14 November 2019, the [[Holy See|Vatican's]] Medical Council of the [[Congregation for the Causes of Saints]] expressed a positive opinion about a miracle in Brazil attributed to Acutis's intercession.<ref name="filipe" /><ref name="whiz" /> Luciana Vianna had taken her son, Mattheus, who was born with a pancreatic defect that made eating difficult, to a prayer service. Beforehand, she had prayed a [[novena]] asking for the teenager Acutis's intercession. During the service, Mattheus had asked that he should not "throw up as much". Immediately following the service, he told his mother that he felt healed and asked for solid food when he came home. Until then, he had been on an all-liquid diet.<ref name="Miracle" /><ref name="osv" /> After a detailed investigation, [[Pope Francis]] confirmed the miracle's authenticity in a decree on 21 February 2020, leading to Acutis's [[beatification]].

Within a month of the decree, the beatification ceremony was postponed due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Italy]], during which the country was placed on lockdown. It was rescheduled for 10 October 2020 and was held in the Upper Church of the [[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi]] in Assisi, Italy, with Cardinal [[Agostino Vallini]] presiding on the Pope's behalf.<ref name="declared" /><ref name="indian" /> {{as of|2019}}, the [[postulator]] for Acutis's cause is Nicola Gori.<ref name="CS" /><ref name="Venerable" />

Since the beatification ceremony on 10 October 2020, his relics have been on display with his tomb in the Church of [[Santa Maria Maggiore, Assisi|Santa Maria Maggiore]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lucie-Smith |first=Alexander |date=October 27, 2020 |title=Do not be afraid – a pilgrim is profoundly moved by his visits to the Blessed Carlo Acutis |url=https://www.thetablet.co.uk/blogs/1/1632/do-not-be-afraid-a-pilgrim-is-profoundly-moved-by-his-visits-to-the-blessed-carlo-acutis |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101052624/https://www.thetablet.co.uk/blogs/1/1632/do-not-be-afraid-a-pilgrim-is-profoundly-moved-by-his-visits-to-the-blessed-carlo-acutis |archive-date=November 1, 2020 |website=The Tablet}}</ref>

== Canonization process ==
On 23 May 2024, Pope Francis recognized a second miracle attributed to the intercession of Acutis.<ref name="second" /><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cd11kyy58dgo |title=Pope clears way for 'God's influencer' to become a saint |publisher=BBC News |date=23 May 2024 |accessdate=25 May 2024 |archive-date=24 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524171257/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cd11kyy58dgo |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/pope-clears-sainthood-italian-millennial-known-gods-influencer-2024-05-23/ | title=Pope clears sainthood for Italian Millennial known as 'God's Influencer' |publisher=Reuters |date=23 May 2024 |access-date=25 May 2024}}</ref> The miracle attributed to his intercession occurred in 2022 when a [[Costa Rican]] woman named Valeria had fallen off her bike and suffered a [[brain haemorrhage]] with doctors giving her a low chance of survival. Valeria's mother, Lilliana, prayed for the intercession of Acutis and visited his tomb. The same day, Valeria began to breathe independently again and was able to walk the next day with all evidence of the haemorrhage having disappeared.<ref name="saint" />

On 1 July 2024, Pope Francis presided at an [[Papal consistory|Ordinary Consistory of Cardinals]], which approved the canonization of 15 people, including Blessed Carlo Acutis.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-01 |title=Carlo Acutis and 14 Blesseds approved for canonization - Vatican News |url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2024-07/consistory-cardinals-carlo-acutis-martyrs-canonization.html |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=www.vaticannews.va |language=en}}</ref> On 20 November 2024, it was announced that Acutis would be canonized during the Jubilee of Youth from 25–27 April 2025, with the Diocese of Assisi confirming it would be on Sunday, 27 April.<ref name=canon/>

== See also ==
* [[Chronological list of saints and blesseds in the 21st century]]
* [[List of beatified people]]

== References ==

{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="0MBLl">{{citation|publisher=[[Cardinal Newman Society]]|date=9 December 2016|title=Young Creator of 'Eucharistic Miracles' Exhibit Can Be Role Model for Students|first=Adam |last=Cassandra}}</ref>
<ref name="7NZyz">{{cite web |last=Smith |first=Scott |title=Blessed Biographies: Carlo Acutis, Future Patron Saint of the Internet |url=https://www.thescottsmithblog.com/2018/01/blessed-biographies-carlo-acutis-future.html |website=All Roads Lead to Rome |access-date=27 July 2021 |archive-date=27 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727141505/https://www.thescottsmithblog.com/2018/01/blessed-biographies-carlo-acutis-future.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="aleteia">{{Cite web |date=9 June 2023 |title=Relic of Blessed Carlo Acutis headed to Ireland in June |url=https://aleteia.org/2023/06/09/relic-of-blessed-carlo-acutis-headed-to-ireland-in-june/ |access-date=26 October 2023 |website=Aleteia |archive-date=26 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026190723/https://aleteia.org/2023/06/09/relic-of-blessed-carlo-acutis-headed-to-ireland-in-june/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="alwasys">{{Cite news|url=https://www.ncregister.com/features/carlo-acutis-always-lived-in-the-presence-of-god|title=Carlo Acutis 'Always Lived in the Presence of God'|newspaper=National Catholic Register|date=27 June 2020|access-date=10 October 2020|archive-date=30 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930160156/https://www.ncregister.com/features/carlo-acutis-always-lived-in-the-presence-of-god|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="beato">{{Cite web|title=Carlo Acutis futuro beato. La mamma: "Ha aiutato tante anime ad avvicinarsi a Dio"|url=https://www.agensir.it/chiesa/2020/02/22/carlo-acutis-futuro-beato-la-mamma-ha-aiutato-tante-anime-ad-avvicinarsi-a-dio/|access-date=11 October 2020|website=Agensir|date=22 February 2020|language=it|archive-date=10 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135047/https://www.agensir.it/chiesa/2020/02/22/carlo-acutis-futuro-beato-la-mamma-ha-aiutato-tante-anime-ad-avvicinarsi-a-dio/|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="CN">{{cite news|url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/10773/italy-moved-by-teen-who-offers-life-for-the-church-and-the-pope|title=Italy moved by teen who offers life for the Church and the Pope|date=24 October 2007|access-date=6 May 2017|publisher=Catholic News Agency|archive-date=11 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170311133329/http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/italy_moved_by_teen_who_offers_life_for_the_church_and_the_pope/|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="CS">{{cite web|url=http://www.carloacutis.com/en/association/comunicati-postulatore|title=Cause of beatification starts!|date=2013|publisher=Associazione Amici di Carlo Acutis|access-date=31 October 2017|archive-date=21 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170421184350/http://www.carloacutis.com/en/association/comunicati-postulatore|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="cwr">{{Cite magazine |last=Yoder |first=Katie |title=Carlo Acutis comic book: Meet the teenager who loved the Eucharist |url=https://www.catholicworldreport.com/2022/11/27/carlo-acutis-comic-book-meet-the-teenager-who-loved-the-eucharist/ |access-date=6 April 2024 |magazine=[[The Catholic World Report]] |archive-date=21 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240221081920/https://www.catholicworldreport.com/2022/11/27/carlo-acutis-comic-book-meet-the-teenager-who-loved-the-eucharist/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="declared">{{Cite news|title=Beatification of Carlo Acutis: The First Millennial Is Declared 'Blessed'|url=https://www.ncregister.com/news/beatification-of-carlo-acutis-the-first-millennial-is-declared-blessed|access-date=11 October 2020|newspaper=[[National Catholic Register]]|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=11 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011104248/https://www.ncregister.com/news/beatification-of-carlo-acutis-the-first-millennial-is-declared-blessed|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="filipe">{{cite web |last=Filipe |first=Domingues |title=Carlo Acutis could become the first millennial saint. Here's the story behind his first miracle. |date=20 November 2020 |url=https://www.americamagazine.org/faith/2020/11/20/blessed-carlo-acutis-saint-relics-millennial-miracle |access-date=12 July 2021 |archive-date=12 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712082026/https://www.americamagazine.org/faith/2020/11/20/blessed-carlo-acutis-saint-relics-millennial-miracle |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="generation">{{Cite web|date=10 October 2020|title=Carlo Acutis: Millennial generation has a Blessed – Vatican News|url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/church/news/2020-10/carlo-acutis-blessed-assisi-eucharist-patron-internet.html|access-date=11 October 2020|website=[[Vatican News]]|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013220117/https://www.vaticannews.va/en/church/news/2020-10/carlo-acutis-blessed-assisi-eucharist-patron-internet.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="grotto">{{Cite web |title=The UK's First Statue of Blessed Carlo Acutis |author=Carfin Grotto |via=Facebook |url=https://www.facebook.com/carfingrotto/videos/the-uks-first-statue-of-blessed-carlo-acutis/990194201888646/ |date=29 April 2022 |access-date=31 July 2022 |archive-date=31 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220731044045/https://www.facebook.com/carfingrotto/videos/the-uks-first-statue-of-blessed-carlo-acutis/990194201888646/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="indian">{{cite news | url = https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2020-02/pope-francis-decrees-causes-saints-india-devasahayam.html | title = Indian martyr, Devasahayam, cleared for sainthood | date = 22 February 2020 | first = Robin | last = Gomes | website = Vatican News | access-date = 22 February 2020 | archive-date = 22 February 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200222141214/https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2020-02/pope-francis-decrees-causes-saints-india-devasahayam.html | url-status = live }}</ref>
<ref name="kath">{{cite web |url=https://www.kathpress.at/goto/meldung/1948229/biograf-polnische-babysitterin-lehrte-seligen-carlo-acutis-beten |title=Biograf. Polnische Babysitterin lehrte seligen Carlo Acutis beten |publisher=kathpress.at |date=27 October 2020 |language=de |access-date=27 October 2020 |trans-title=Biography. The Polish babysitter taught blessed Carlo Acutis to pray |archive-date=31 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031053641/https://www.kathpress.at/goto/meldung/1948229/biograf-polnische-babysitterin-lehrte-seligen-carlo-acutis-beten |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="kock">{{cite journal|author=Kock, Claudia|url=https://www.die-tagespost.de/kirche-aktuell/wochenheiliger/der-wochenheilige-der-selige-carlo-acutis;art4876,212607|title=Der Wochenheilige. Der selige Carlo Acutis|journal=Die Tagespost|date=11 October 2020|language=de|access-date=11 October 2020|trans-title=This week's saint. Blessed Carlo Acutis|archive-date=11 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011130750/https://www.die-tagespost.de/kirche-aktuell/wochenheiliger/der-wochenheilige-der-selige-carlo-acutis;art4876,212607|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Miracle">{{Cite news|url=https://www.ncregister.com/news/the-miracle-attributed-to-carlo-acutis-prayers|title=The Miracle Attributed to Carlo Acutis' Prayers|newspaper=National Catholic Register|date=10 October 2020|access-date=10 October 2020|archive-date=1 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101112836/https://www.ncregister.com/news/the-miracle-attributed-to-carlo-acutis-prayers|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="mom">{{Cite news|title=Mom of Carlo Acutis says son led her back to the Catholic faith|url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/mom-of-carlo-acutis-says-son-led-her-back-to-the-catholic-faith-34118|access-date=11 October 2020|agency=Catholic News Agency|archive-date=5 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805141541/https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/mom-of-carlo-acutis-says-son-led-her-back-to-the-catholic-faith-34118|url-status=dead}}</ref>

<ref name="osv">{{Cite web|url=https://www.osvnews.com/2020/02/24/with-a-miracle-approved-beatification-awaits-computer-programer-carlo-acutis/|title=With a miracle approved, beatification awaits computer programmer Carlo Acutis|date=24 February 2020|access-date=4 October 2020|archive-date=8 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008143311/https://www.osvnews.com/2020/02/24/with-a-miracle-approved-beatification-awaits-computer-programer-carlo-acutis/|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="patron">{{Cite web|url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/38810/venerable-carlo-acutis-a-patron-of-computer-programmers|title=Venerable Carlo Acutis: A patron of computer programmers?|agency=Catholic News Agency|access-date=12 August 2018|archive-date=6 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706102021/https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/venerable-carlo-acutis-a-patron-of-computer-programmers-69517|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="photo">{{cite news|url=http://www.catholicregister.org/item/22446-photo-exhibit-chronicles-the-miracles-of-the-eucharist|title=Photo exhibit chronicles the miracle of the Eucharist|author=Jean Ko Din|newspaper=The Catholic Register|date=4 June 2016|access-date=6 May 2017|archive-date=13 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170713135255/http://www.catholicregister.org/item/22446-photo-exhibit-chronicles-the-miracles-of-the-eucharist|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="rcdow">{{cite web|url=https://rcdow.org.uk/news/carlo-acutis-baptised-at-fulham-road-/|title=Carlo Acutis beatified in Assisi|date=13 October 2020|publisher=rcdow.org.uk Diocese of Westminster|access-date=17 October 2020|archive-date=18 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018184859/https://rcdow.org.uk/news/carlo-acutis-baptised-at-fulham-road-/|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="rousselle">{{Cite news|last=Rousselle|first=Christine|title=Millennial and Gen Z Catholics love Carlo Acutis. Here's why|url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/46147/millennial-and-gen-z-catholics-love-carlo-acutis-heres-why|access-date=11 October 2020|agency=Catholic News Agency|archive-date=15 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115233538/https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/millennials-and-gen-z-catholics-love-carlo-acutis-heres-why-27150|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="saint">{{cite web | url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2024-05/pope-francis-saints-decrees-miracle-acutis-allamano.html | title=Pope Francis clears path for canonization of Blessed Carlo Acutis – Vatican News | date=23 May 2024 | access-date=23 May 2024 | archive-date=23 May 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523151052/https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2024-05/pope-francis-saints-decrees-miracle-acutis-allamano.html | url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="SEB">{{cite web|url=http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/93910|title=Servant of God Carlo Acutis|publisher=Santi e Beati|access-date=31 October 2017|archive-date=11 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011034206/http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/93910|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="second">{{cite web | url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/257780/carlo-acutis-to-be-first-millennial-saint-pope-francis-recognizes-miracle-for-canonization | title=Carlo Acutis to be canonized: Pope Francis recognizes second miracle | access-date=23 May 2024 | archive-date=23 May 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523151052/https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/257780/carlo-acutis-to-be-first-millennial-saint-pope-francis-recognizes-miracle-for-canonization | url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="statue">{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-DW9jkBAk7E | title=The UK's First Statue of Blessed Carlo Acutis | via=YouTube | date=29 April 2022 | access-date=30 April 2022 | archive-date=30 April 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220430195949/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-DW9jkBAk7E | url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="Venerable">{{Cite web|date=30 July 2019|title=Venerable Teenager|url=https://www.messengersaintanthony.com/content/venerable-teenager|publisher=Messenger of Saint Anthony|access-date=23 May 2024|archive-date=8 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231208200548/https://www.messengersaintanthony.com/content/venerable-teenager|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="vite">{{Cite book|title=Vite vissute Cultura & Società|author=Guatri Luigi|date=14 January 2014|publisher=EGEA spa|language=it|isbn=978-8823876057}} Acutis family background and leading role in Italy's business community.</ref>
<ref name="vr">{{Cite web |date=15 March 2023 |title=Step into the shoes of Blessed Carlo Acutis in new impressive VR game |url=https://aleteia.org/2023/03/15/step-into-the-shoes-of-blessed-carlo-acutis-in-new-impressive-vr-game/ |access-date=6 April 2024 |website=Aleteia |archive-date=6 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240406034947/https://aleteia.org/2023/03/15/step-into-the-shoes-of-blessed-carlo-acutis-in-new-impressive-vr-game/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="whiz">{{cite news |title=Italian teenage computer whiz beatified by Catholic church |url=https://abc7chicago.com/carlo-acutis-catholic-teen-saint-millennial-patron-of-the-internet/10477404/ |access-date=27 July 2021 |publisher=[[WLS-TV]] |date=3 April 2021 |archive-date=27 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727140648/https://abc7chicago.com/carlo-acutis-catholic-teen-saint-millennial-patron-of-the-internet/10477404/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}

==Works cited==
*{{cite book | title = Carlo Acutis: A Millennial in Paradise | first = Will | last = Conquer | publisher = Sophia Institute Press | year = 2021 |isbn=9781644134849 }}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Carlo Acutis}}
* [http://www.carloacutis.com/en/association Official website]
* [http://www.themarianapparitions.org/en/avm/home The apparitions of Our Lady] – List of Marian apparitions catalogued by Acutis
* [http://www.miracolieucaristici.org/en/Liste/list.html Eucharistic Miracles] – List of Eucharistic miracles catalogued by Acutis
* [http://newsaints.faithweb.com/year/2006.htm 2006 Hagiography Circle]
* [https://www.carloacutis.co.uk/ Wolverhampton Parish of Blessed Carlo Acutis] – Incorporating the churches of [[St Peter and St Paul's Church, Wolverhampton|St Peter & Paul]], St Michael and St Bernadette.
* [https://www.osvcatholicbookstore.com/product/my-son-carlo-carlo-acutis-through-the-eyes-of-his-mother "My Son Carlo"] – biography of Carlo Acutis by his mother, Antonia Salzano Acutis

{{Portal bar|Saints|Biography|Catholicism|England|London|Italy}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Acutis, Carlo}}

[[Category:1991 births]]
[[Category:2006 deaths]]
[[Category:21st-century English people]]
[[Category:21st-century Italian people]]
[[Category:21st-century Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:21st-century venerated Christians]]
[[Category:Beatifications by Pope Francis]]
[[Category:Child deaths]]
[[Category:Deaths from acute myeloid leukemia]]
[[Category:Deaths from cancer in Lombardy]]
[[Category:English beatified people]]
[[Category:English emigrants to Italy]] 
[[Category:English people of Italian descent]]
[[Category:English Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:Eucharistic miracles]]
[[Category:Italian beatified people]]
[[Category:Italian computer programmers]]
[[Category:Italian Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:Italian technology writers]]
[[Category:Patrons of World Youth Day]]
[[Category:People from London]]
[[Category:People from Milan]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic child blesseds]]
[[Category:Deaths from leukemia in Italy]]

Mary Kenneth Keller

2024-12-07T11:07:13Z

Johnrdorazio:

{{short description|First American woman to receive a PhD in computer science}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Mary Kenneth Keller
| honorific_suffix = [[wikipedia:Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Virgin Mary|B.V.M.]]
| image = Mary Kenneth Keller.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = Evelyn Marie Keller
| birth_date = {{birth date|1913|12|17}}
| birth_place = [[wikipedia:Cleveland|Cleveland]], Ohio, United States
| death_date = {{death date and age|1985|01|10|1913|12|17}}
| death_place = [[wikipedia:Dubuque, Iowa|Dubuque, Iowa]], United States
| resting_place =
| resting_place_coordinates = 
| other_names =
| citizenship =
| nationality =
| fields =
| workplaces = [[wikipedia:Clarke University|Clarke University]]
| patrons =
| education = [[wikipedia:DePaul University|DePaul University]] ([[wikipedia:Bachelor's degree|BS]], [[wikipedia:Master's degree|MS]])<br>[[wikipedia:University of Wisconsin–Madison|University of Wisconsin–Madison]] ([[wikipedia:PhD|PhD]])
| thesis_title = Inductive Inference on Computer Generated Patterns
| thesis_url = 
| thesis_year = 1965
| doctoral_advisor = 
| academic_advisors =
| doctoral_students =
| notable_students =
| known_for = [[wikipedia:BASIC|BASIC]]
| influences =
| influenced =
| awards =
}}
'''Mary Kenneth Keller''', [[wikipedia:Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Virgin Mary|B.V.M.]] (December 17, 1913 – January 10, 1985) was an American [[wikipedia:Catholic Church|Catholic]] [[wikipedia:religious sister|religious sister]], educator and pioneer in [[wikipedia:computer science|computer science]]. She was one of the first people, and the first woman to earn a Ph.D. in computer science in the [[wikipedia:United States|United States]]. Keller and [[wikipedia:Irving C. Tang|Irving C. Tang]] were the first two recipients of computer science doctorates (Keller's Ph.D. and Tang's D.Sc. were awarded on the same day).<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://www.newspaperarchive.com/us/wisconsin/madison/madison-wisconsin-state-journal/1965/06-08/page-5?tag=commencement&rtserp=tags/commencement?&ndt=ex&py=1965&pm=6&pd=8&pc=17236&psi=103&pci=7|title = Wisconsin State Journal, June 8, 1965| date=8 June 1965 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url = https://www.newspaperarchive.com/us/wisconsin/madison/madison-capital-times/1965/06-07/page-12?tag=commencement&rtserp=tags/commencement?&ndt=ex&py=1965&pm=6&pd=7&pc=17236&psi=103&pci=7|title = Capital Times| date=7 June 1965 |access-date = September 19, 2015}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref name="London 2013">{{cite web |last=London |first=Ralph L |title=Who Earned First Computer Science Ph.D.? |date=2013-01-15 |website=Communications of the ACM |url=https://cacm.acm.org/blogs/blog-cacm/159591-who-earned-first-computer-science-ph-d/fulltext |access-date=2019-10-25}}</ref>

==Career==
{{Disputed section|date=December 2021}}
Keller, named Evelyn Marie Keller at birth, was born in [[wikipedia:Ohio|Cleveland, Ohio]], on December 17, 1913, to John Adam Keller and Catherine Josephine (née Sullivan) Keller.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Gurer|first=Denise|date=January 1995|title=Pioneering Women in Computer Science|journal=Communications of the ACM|volume= 38| issue = 1|pages=45–54|doi=10.1145/204865.204875|s2cid=6626310|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Head |first=Jennifer |last2=O’Leary |first2=Dianne P. |date=2023-01-01 |title=The Legacy of Mary Kenneth Keller, First U.S. Ph.D. in Computer Science |url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10076929/ |journal=IEEE Annals of the History of Computing |volume=45 |issue=1 |pages=55–63 |doi=10.1109/MAHC.2022.3231763 |issn=1058-6180}}</ref> She entered the [[wikipedia:Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Virgin Mary|Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Virgin Mary]] in 1932<ref name="gurer">{{cite journal|last=Gürer|first=Denise|date=June 2002|title=Pioneering Women in Computer Science|url=http://courses.cs.washington.edu/courses/csep590/06au/readings/p175-gurer.pdf|journal=Communications of the ACM|volume=38|pages=45–54|doi=10.1145/204865.204875|number=1|s2cid=6626310}}</ref><ref name="Crezo">{{cite news|last1=Crezo|first1=Adrienne|title=First Female Ph.D. in Computer Science Was a Nun|url=http://mentalfloss.com/article/53178/first-woman-earn-phd-computer-science-was-nun|access-date=28 March 2015|work=Real Clear Science|date=October 14, 2013}}</ref> and took her [[wikipedia:religious vows|vows]] with that [[wikipedia:religious congregation|religious congregation]] in 1940.<ref name="gurer" /><ref>{{cite news
|title=CS Prof From Iowa Was a 'Heroine of Computing' -- and a Nun
|url=http://www.cs.uni.edu/~wallingf/blog/archives/monthly/2014-05.html
|date=May 25, 2014}}</ref> She completed both her [[wikipedia:Bachelor of Science|B.S. (Bachelor of Science)]] in Mathematics in 1943 and her [[wikipedia:Master of Science|M.S. (Master of Science)]] in Mathematics and Physics in 1953 from [[wikipedia:DePaul University|DePaul University]] in Chicago. Keller earned her [[wikipedia:Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy)]] from the [[wikipedia:University of Wisconsin–Madison|University of Wisconsin–Madison]] in 1965.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cacm.acm.org/blogs/blog-cacm/159591-who-earned-first-computer-science-phd/fulltext|title=Who Earned First Computer Science Ph.D.?|last=London|first=Ralph L.|date=15 January 2013|type=blog|access-date=1 August 2014|periodical=Communications of the ACM}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Steel|first=Martha Vickers|title=Women in computing: experiences and contributions within the emerging computing industry|date=11 December 2011|url=http://www.computinghistorymuseum.org/teaching/papers/research/steel.pdf|type=CSIS 550 History of Computing – Research Paper|access-date=1 August 2014|archive-date=23 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111123023549/http://www.computinghistorymuseum.org/teaching/papers/research/steel.pdf}}</ref><ref name="uwismadison">{{Cite web|url=http://research.cs.wisc.edu/includes/textfiles/phds.65-70.txt|title=UW-Madison Computer Science Ph.D.s Awarded, May 1965 - August 1970|work=Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison|access-date=2015-08-28}}, PhDs granted at UW-Madison Computer Sciences Department.</ref> Her dissertation, ''Inductive Inference on Computer Generated Patterns'',<ref name="uwismadison" /> focused on "constructing algorithms that performed analytic differentiation on algebraic expression, written in CDC FORTRAN 63."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.women.cs.cmu.edu/ada/Resources/Women/|title=The Ada Project|website=www.women.cs.cmu.edu|access-date=2017-11-18|archive-date=2018-03-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180326031002/https://www.women.cs.cmu.edu/ada/Resources/Women/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Throughout Keller's graduate studies, she was affiliated with various institutions including the University of Michigan, Purdue, and Dartmouth.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gurer|first=Denise|date=January 1995|title=Pioneering women in computer science|journal=Communications of the ACM|volume= 38| issue = 1|pages=45–54|doi=10.1145/204865.204875|s2cid=6626310|doi-access=free}}</ref> Although many sources claim that Keller began working at the National Science Foundation<ref>{{Cite web|title = Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Virgin Mary - BVM News|url = http://www.bvmcong.org/whatsnew_archive.cfm|website = www.bvmcong.org|access-date = 2015-10-14|archive-date = 2017-09-02|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170902182905/http://www.bvmcong.org/whatsnew_archive.cfm|url-status = dead}}</ref> workshop in 1958 in the computer science center at [[wikipedia:Dartmouth College|Dartmouth College]], a male-only institution at the time, where she participated in the implementation of the first DTSS [[wikipedia:BASIC|BASIC]] kernel for the language, working under [[wikipedia:John G. Kemeny|John G. Kemeny]] and [[wikipedia:Thomas E. Kurtz|Thomas E. Kurtz]] along with about a dozen other students, this cannot be correct since Dartmouth did not acquire its first computer until 1959.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia
|encyclopedia=History of Programming Languages I
|last=Kurtz
|first=Thomas E.
|title=BASIC
|date=1981
|publisher=[[wikipedia:Association for Computing Machinery|ACM]]
|isbn=0127450408
|doi=10.1145/800025.1198404
|editor-last=Wexelblat
|editor-first=Richard
|location=New York
|pages=[https://archive.org/details/historyofprogram0000hist/page/515 515–537]
|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hy-jBQAAQBAJ
|s2cid=222095524
|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofprogram0000hist/page/515
}}</ref> Keller participated in a summer program for high school teachers at Dartmouth College in 1961 where she worked with [[wikipedia:Thomas E. Kurtz|Thomas Kurtz]], the father of the [[wikipedia:BASIC|BASIC]] language. She became a proficient teacher of [[wikipedia:BASIC|BASIC]] and co-wrote a prominent textbook on the subject in 1973.<ref name="Mary Kenneth Keller ">{{cite journal| last1=Head | first1=Jennifer | last2=O'Leary | first2=Dianne P. | title=The Legacy of Mary Kenneth Keller, First U.S. Ph.D. In Computer Science | journal=IEEE Annals of the History of Computing | year=2023 | volume=45 | pages=55–63 | doi=10.1109/MAHC.2022.3231763 |arxiv=2208.01765| s2cid=257642795 }}</ref>

Keller believed in the potential for computers to increase access to information and promote education.<ref>{{Cite web
| title = Sister Mary Kenneth Keller
| work = The Ada Project: Pioneering Women in Computing Technology
| access-date = 2014-11-09
| url = http://www.women.cs.cmu.edu/ada/Resources/Women/?view=alphabetical
| archive-date = 2020-05-29
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200529035318/https://www.women.cs.cmu.edu/ada/Resources/Women/?view=alphabetical
| url-status = dead
}}</ref> After finishing her doctorate in 1965, Keller founded the computer science department at Clarke College (now [[wikipedia:Clarke University|Clarke University]]), a Catholic women's college founded by [[wikipedia:Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Virgin Mary|Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Virgin Mary]] in Dubuque, Iowa. That same year, that National Science Foundation awarded her a grant of $25,000 payable over two years for "instructional equipment for undergraduate education."<ref>{{Cite book|title=Grants and Awards for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1965|last=National Science Foundation|publisher=Government Printing Office|year=1965|location=Washington, DC|pages=98}}</ref> One of the first computer science departments at a small college, Keller directed this department for twenty years.<ref>[http://www.nwhm.org/blog/category/uncategorized/ About - National Women's History Museum - NWHM] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120510051542/http://www.nwhm.org/blog/category/uncategorized/ |date=2012-05-10 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Dorn|first=Philip H.|date=April 1986|title=Sister Mary Kenneth Keller|journal=Annals of the History of Computing|volume= 8| issue = 2|pages=194|doi=10.1109/MAHC.1986.10042}}</ref> Clarke College now has the Keller Computer Center and Information Services, which is named after her and which provides computing and telecommunication support to Clarke College students, faculty members, and staff.<ref>[http://www.clarke.edu/page.aspx?id=2684 Computer Center : Clarke University]</ref> The college has also established the Mary Kenneth Keller Computer Science Scholarship in her honor.<ref>[https://www.cappex.com/page/meritAid/programDetail.jsp?id=153126&program=151605 Mary Kenneth Keller Computer Science Scholarship - Clarke University Scholarships]</ref>

Keller was an advocate for the involvement of women in computing<ref name="gurer"/> and the use of computers for education. She helped to establish the Association of Small Computer Users in Education (ASCUE).<ref name="Annals">{{cite journal|date=1986|title=Brief Obituary for Sister Mary Kenneth Keller|journal=Annals of the History of Computing|volume=8|issue=2|page=194|doi=10.1109/MAHC.1986.10042}}</ref> She went on to write four books in the field.<ref>[http://www.encyclopediadubuque.org/index.php?title=KELLER%2C_Mary_Kenneth Keller, Mary Kenneth - Encyclopedia Dubuque]</ref> At the ACM/SIGUCC User Services Conference in 1975, Keller declared "we have not fully used a computer as the greatest interdisciplinary tool that has been invented to date."<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Keller|first=Sister Mary Kenneth|date=December 1975|title=The role of the university computer center in educational research (with remote hope)|journal=ACM SIGUCCS Newsletter|volume= 5| issue = 4|pages=12–14|doi=10.1145/1098890.1098893|s2cid=21300012|doi-access=free}}</ref>

Keller died on January 10, 1985, at the age of 71.<ref name=Annals />

==Bibliography==
* {{cite thesis|last1=Keller|first1=Mary Kenneth|title=Inductive inference on computer generated patterns|date=1965|publisher=The University of Wisconsin|location=Madison, Wisconsin|url=http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=905124|type=PhD Thesis}} (Doctoral Dissertation)
* ''Computer graphics and applications of matrix methods : three dimensional computer graphics and projections'' by Mary K Keller; Consortium for Mathematics and Its Applications (U.S.); Undergraduate Mathematics and Its Applications Project (U.S.) Lexington, MA : COMAP/UMAP, 1983. U106, U110.<ref>{{cite web|title=Computer Graphics and Applications of Matrix Methods: Three Dimensional Computer Graphics and Projections (UMAP) Sister Mary K. Keller|url=http://www.comap.com/product/?idx=271|access-date=28 March 2015|archive-date=7 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407232407/http://comap.com/product/?idx=271|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* ''Mathematical logic and probability with BASIC programming'' by William S Dorn, Herbert J Greenberg, and Mary K Keller. Prindle, Weber & Schmidt, 1973<ref name="Mary Kenneth Keller "/>
* ''Electrical circuits and Applications of matrix methods : analysis of linear circuits'' Mary K Keller; Consortium for Mathematics and Its Applications (U.S.); Undergraduate Mathematics and Its Applications Project (U.S.), 1978. U108.<ref>{{cite web|title=Electrical Circuits and Applications of Matrix Methods: Analysis of Linear Circuits (UMAP) Sister Mary K. Keller|url=http://216.250.163.249//product/?idx=401|access-date=28 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402104838/http://216.250.163.249//product/?idx=401|archive-date=2 April 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* ''Food service management and Applications of matrix methods : food service and dietary requirements'' by Mary K Keller; Consortium for Mathematics and Its Applications (U.S.); Undergraduate Mathematics and Its Applications Project (U.S.) Lexington, MA : COMAP/UMAP, 1983. U105, U109.<ref>{{cite web|title=Food Service Management and Applications of Matrix Methods: Food Service and Dietary Requirements (UMAP) Sister Mary K. Keller|url=http://216.250.163.249//product/?idx=270|access-date=28 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402155700/http://216.250.163.249//product/?idx=270|archive-date=2 April 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* ''Markov chains and applications of matrix methods : fixed point and absorbing Markov chains'' by Mary K Keller; Consortium for Mathematics and Its Applications (U.S.); Undergraduate Mathematics and Its Applications Project (U.S.) Lexington, MA : COMAP/UMAP, 1983. U107, U111.<ref>{{cite web|title=Markov Chains and Applications of Matrix Methods: Fixed Point and Absorbing Markov Chains (UMAP) Sister Mary K. Keller|url=http://216.250.163.249//product/?idx=272|access-date=28 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402190107/http://216.250.163.249//product/?idx=272|archive-date=2 April 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[wikipedia:List of Christians in science and technology|List of Christians in science and technology]]
* [[wikipedia:List of lay Catholic scientists|List of lay Catholic scientists]]
* [[wikipedia:List of Catholic clergy scientists|List of Catholic clergy scientists]]
* [[wikipedia:Timeline of women in science|Timeline of women in science]]
* [[wikipedia:BASIC|BASIC (programming language)]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Keller, Mary Kenneth}}
[[wikipedia:Category:1913 births|Category:1913 births]]
[[wikipedia:Category:1985 deaths|Category:1985 deaths]]
[[wikipedia:Category:20th-century American Roman Catholic nuns|Category:20th-century American Roman Catholic nuns]]
[[wikipedia:Category:20th-century American women scientists|Category:20th-century American women scientists]]
[[wikipedia:Category:American computer programmers|Category:American computer programmers]]
[[wikipedia:Category:American computer scientists|Category:American computer scientists]]
[[wikipedia:Category:American women computer scientists|Category:American women computer scientists]]
[[wikipedia:Category:BASIC programming language|Category:BASIC programming language]]
[[wikipedia:Category:Catholics from Iowa|Category:Catholics from Iowa]]
[[wikipedia:Category:Clarke University faculty|Category:Clarke University faculty]]
[[wikipedia:Category:DePaul University alumni|Category:DePaul University alumni]]
[[wikipedia:Category:People from Dubuque, Iowa|Category:People from Dubuque, Iowa]]
[[wikipedia:Category:Programming language designers|Category:Programming language designers]]
[[wikipedia:Category:American software engineers|Category:American software engineers]]
[[wikipedia:Category:University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science alumni|Category:University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science alumni]]
[[Category:Computer science]]

Mary Kenneth Keller

2024-12-07T11:02:34Z

Johnrdorazio:

Mary Kenneth Keller

2024-12-07T10:55:44Z

Johnrdorazio: 1 revision imported

{{short description|First American woman to receive a PhD in computer science}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Mary Kenneth Keller
| honorific_suffix = [[Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Virgin Mary|B.V.M.]]
| image = Mary Kenneth Keller.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = Evelyn Marie Keller
| birth_date = {{birth date|1913|12|17}}
| birth_place = [[Cleveland]], Ohio, United States
| death_date = {{death date and age|1985|01|10|1913|12|17}}
| death_place = [[Dubuque, Iowa]], United States
| resting_place =
| resting_place_coordinates = 
| other_names =
| citizenship =
| nationality =
| fields =
| workplaces = [[Clarke University]]
| patrons =
| education = [[DePaul University]] ([[Bachelor's degree|BS]], [[Master's degree|MS]])<br>[[University of Wisconsin–Madison]] ([[PhD]])
| thesis_title = Inductive Inference on Computer Generated Patterns
| thesis_url = 
| thesis_year = 1965
| doctoral_advisor = 
| academic_advisors =
| doctoral_students =
| notable_students =
| known_for = [[BASIC]]
| influences =
| influenced =
| awards =
}}
'''Mary Kenneth Keller''', [[Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Virgin Mary|B.V.M.]] (December 17, 1913 – January 10, 1985) was an American [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] [[religious sister]], educator and pioneer in [[computer science]]. She was one of the first people, and the first woman to earn a Ph.D. in computer science in the [[United States]]. Keller and [[Irving C. Tang]] were the first two recipients of computer science doctorates (Keller's Ph.D. and Tang's D.Sc. were awarded on the same day).<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://www.newspaperarchive.com/us/wisconsin/madison/madison-wisconsin-state-journal/1965/06-08/page-5?tag=commencement&rtserp=tags/commencement?&ndt=ex&py=1965&pm=6&pd=8&pc=17236&psi=103&pci=7|title = Wisconsin State Journal, June 8, 1965| date=8 June 1965 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url = https://www.newspaperarchive.com/us/wisconsin/madison/madison-capital-times/1965/06-07/page-12?tag=commencement&rtserp=tags/commencement?&ndt=ex&py=1965&pm=6&pd=7&pc=17236&psi=103&pci=7|title = Capital Times| date=7 June 1965 |access-date = September 19, 2015}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref name="London 2013">{{cite web |last=London |first=Ralph L |title=Who Earned First Computer Science Ph.D.? |date=2013-01-15 |website=Communications of the ACM |url=https://cacm.acm.org/blogs/blog-cacm/159591-who-earned-first-computer-science-ph-d/fulltext |access-date=2019-10-25}}</ref>

==Career==
{{Disputed section|date=December 2021}}
Keller, named Evelyn Marie Keller at birth, was born in [[Ohio|Cleveland, Ohio]], on December 17, 1913, to John Adam Keller and Catherine Josephine (née Sullivan) Keller.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Gurer|first=Denise|date=January 1995|title=Pioneering Women in Computer Science|journal=Communications of the ACM|volume= 38| issue = 1|pages=45–54|doi=10.1145/204865.204875|s2cid=6626310|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Head |first=Jennifer |last2=O’Leary |first2=Dianne P. |date=2023-01-01 |title=The Legacy of Mary Kenneth Keller, First U.S. Ph.D. in Computer Science |url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10076929/ |journal=IEEE Annals of the History of Computing |volume=45 |issue=1 |pages=55–63 |doi=10.1109/MAHC.2022.3231763 |issn=1058-6180}}</ref> She entered the [[Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Virgin Mary]] in 1932<ref name="gurer">{{cite journal|last=Gürer|first=Denise|date=June 2002|title=Pioneering Women in Computer Science|url=http://courses.cs.washington.edu/courses/csep590/06au/readings/p175-gurer.pdf|journal=Communications of the ACM|volume=38|pages=45–54|doi=10.1145/204865.204875|number=1|s2cid=6626310}}</ref><ref name="Crezo">{{cite news|last1=Crezo|first1=Adrienne|title=First Female Ph.D. in Computer Science Was a Nun|url=http://mentalfloss.com/article/53178/first-woman-earn-phd-computer-science-was-nun|access-date=28 March 2015|work=Real Clear Science|date=October 14, 2013}}</ref> and took her [[religious vows|vows]] with that [[religious congregation]] in 1940.<ref name="gurer" /><ref>{{cite news
|title=CS Prof From Iowa Was a 'Heroine of Computing' -- and a Nun
|url=http://www.cs.uni.edu/~wallingf/blog/archives/monthly/2014-05.html
|date=May 25, 2014}}</ref> She completed both her [[Bachelor of Science|B.S. (Bachelor of Science)]] in Mathematics in 1943 and her [[Master of Science|M.S. (Master of Science)]] in Mathematics and Physics in 1953 from [[DePaul University]] in Chicago. Keller earned her [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy)]] from the [[University of Wisconsin–Madison]] in 1965.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cacm.acm.org/blogs/blog-cacm/159591-who-earned-first-computer-science-phd/fulltext|title=Who Earned First Computer Science Ph.D.?|last=London|first=Ralph L.|date=15 January 2013|type=blog|access-date=1 August 2014|periodical=Communications of the ACM}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Steel|first=Martha Vickers|title=Women in computing: experiences and contributions within the emerging computing industry|date=11 December 2011|url=http://www.computinghistorymuseum.org/teaching/papers/research/steel.pdf|type=CSIS 550 History of Computing – Research Paper|access-date=1 August 2014|archive-date=23 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111123023549/http://www.computinghistorymuseum.org/teaching/papers/research/steel.pdf}}</ref><ref name="uwismadison">{{Cite web|url=http://research.cs.wisc.edu/includes/textfiles/phds.65-70.txt|title=UW-Madison Computer Science Ph.D.s Awarded, May 1965 - August 1970|work=Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison|access-date=2015-08-28}}, PhDs granted at UW-Madison Computer Sciences Department.</ref> Her dissertation, ''Inductive Inference on Computer Generated Patterns'',<ref name="uwismadison" /> focused on "constructing algorithms that performed analytic differentiation on algebraic expression, written in CDC FORTRAN 63."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.women.cs.cmu.edu/ada/Resources/Women/|title=The Ada Project|website=www.women.cs.cmu.edu|access-date=2017-11-18|archive-date=2018-03-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180326031002/https://www.women.cs.cmu.edu/ada/Resources/Women/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Throughout Keller's graduate studies, she was affiliated with various institutions including the University of Michigan, Purdue, and Dartmouth.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gurer|first=Denise|date=January 1995|title=Pioneering women in computer science|journal=Communications of the ACM|volume= 38| issue = 1|pages=45–54|doi=10.1145/204865.204875|s2cid=6626310|doi-access=free}}</ref> Although many sources claim that Keller began working at the National Science Foundation<ref>{{Cite web|title = Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Virgin Mary - BVM News|url = http://www.bvmcong.org/whatsnew_archive.cfm|website = www.bvmcong.org|access-date = 2015-10-14|archive-date = 2017-09-02|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170902182905/http://www.bvmcong.org/whatsnew_archive.cfm|url-status = dead}}</ref> workshop in 1958 in the computer science center at [[Dartmouth College]], a male-only institution at the time, where she participated in the implementation of the first DTSS [[BASIC]] kernel for the language, working under [[John G. Kemeny]] and [[Thomas E. Kurtz]] along with about a dozen other students, this cannot be correct since Dartmouth did not acquire its first computer until 1959.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia
|encyclopedia=History of Programming Languages I
|last=Kurtz
|first=Thomas E.
|title=BASIC
|date=1981
|publisher=[[Association for Computing Machinery|ACM]]
|isbn=0127450408
|doi=10.1145/800025.1198404
|editor-last=Wexelblat
|editor-first=Richard
|location=New York
|pages=[https://archive.org/details/historyofprogram0000hist/page/515 515–537]
|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hy-jBQAAQBAJ
|s2cid=222095524
|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofprogram0000hist/page/515
}}</ref> Keller participated in a summer program for high school teachers at Dartmouth College in 1961 where she worked with [[Thomas E. Kurtz|Thomas Kurtz]], the father of the [[BASIC]] language. She became a proficient teacher of [[BASIC]] and co-wrote a prominent textbook on the subject in 1973.<ref name="Mary Kenneth Keller ">{{cite journal| last1=Head | first1=Jennifer | last2=O'Leary | first2=Dianne P. | title=The Legacy of Mary Kenneth Keller, First U.S. Ph.D. In Computer Science | journal=IEEE Annals of the History of Computing | year=2023 | volume=45 | pages=55–63 | doi=10.1109/MAHC.2022.3231763 |arxiv=2208.01765| s2cid=257642795 }}</ref>

Keller believed in the potential for computers to increase access to information and promote education.<ref>{{Cite web
| title = Sister Mary Kenneth Keller
| work = The Ada Project: Pioneering Women in Computing Technology
| access-date = 2014-11-09
| url = http://www.women.cs.cmu.edu/ada/Resources/Women/?view=alphabetical
| archive-date = 2020-05-29
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200529035318/https://www.women.cs.cmu.edu/ada/Resources/Women/?view=alphabetical
| url-status = dead
}}</ref> After finishing her doctorate in 1965, Keller founded the computer science department at Clarke College (now [[Clarke University]]), a Catholic women's college founded by [[Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Virgin Mary]] in Dubuque, Iowa. That same year, that National Science Foundation awarded her a grant of $25,000 payable over two years for "instructional equipment for undergraduate education."<ref>{{Cite book|title=Grants and Awards for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1965|last=National Science Foundation|publisher=Government Printing Office|year=1965|location=Washington, DC|pages=98}}</ref> One of the first computer science departments at a small college, Keller directed this department for twenty years.<ref>[http://www.nwhm.org/blog/category/uncategorized/ About - National Women's History Museum - NWHM] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120510051542/http://www.nwhm.org/blog/category/uncategorized/ |date=2012-05-10 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Dorn|first=Philip H.|date=April 1986|title=Sister Mary Kenneth Keller|journal=Annals of the History of Computing|volume= 8| issue = 2|pages=194|doi=10.1109/MAHC.1986.10042}}</ref> Clarke College now has the Keller Computer Center and Information Services, which is named after her and which provides computing and telecommunication support to Clarke College students, faculty members, and staff.<ref>[http://www.clarke.edu/page.aspx?id=2684 Computer Center : Clarke University]</ref> The college has also established the Mary Kenneth Keller Computer Science Scholarship in her honor.<ref>[https://www.cappex.com/page/meritAid/programDetail.jsp?id=153126&program=151605 Mary Kenneth Keller Computer Science Scholarship - Clarke University Scholarships]</ref>

Keller was an advocate for the involvement of women in computing<ref name="gurer"/> and the use of computers for education. She helped to establish the Association of Small Computer Users in Education (ASCUE).<ref name="Annals">{{cite journal|date=1986|title=Brief Obituary for Sister Mary Kenneth Keller|journal=Annals of the History of Computing|volume=8|issue=2|page=194|doi=10.1109/MAHC.1986.10042}}</ref> She went on to write four books in the field.<ref>[http://www.encyclopediadubuque.org/index.php?title=KELLER%2C_Mary_Kenneth Keller, Mary Kenneth - Encyclopedia Dubuque]</ref> At the ACM/SIGUCC User Services Conference in 1975, Keller declared "we have not fully used a computer as the greatest interdisciplinary tool that has been invented to date."<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Keller|first=Sister Mary Kenneth|date=December 1975|title=The role of the university computer center in educational research (with remote hope)|journal=ACM SIGUCCS Newsletter|volume= 5| issue = 4|pages=12–14|doi=10.1145/1098890.1098893|s2cid=21300012|doi-access=free}}</ref>

Keller died on January 10, 1985, at the age of 71.<ref name=Annals />

==Bibliography==
* {{cite thesis|last1=Keller|first1=Mary Kenneth|title=Inductive inference on computer generated patterns|date=1965|publisher=The University of Wisconsin|location=Madison, Wisconsin|url=http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=905124|type=PhD Thesis}} (Doctoral Dissertation)
* ''Computer graphics and applications of matrix methods : three dimensional computer graphics and projections'' by Mary K Keller; Consortium for Mathematics and Its Applications (U.S.); Undergraduate Mathematics and Its Applications Project (U.S.) Lexington, MA : COMAP/UMAP, 1983. U106, U110.<ref>{{cite web|title=Computer Graphics and Applications of Matrix Methods: Three Dimensional Computer Graphics and Projections (UMAP) Sister Mary K. Keller|url=http://www.comap.com/product/?idx=271|access-date=28 March 2015|archive-date=7 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407232407/http://comap.com/product/?idx=271|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* ''Mathematical logic and probability with BASIC programming'' by William S Dorn, Herbert J Greenberg, and Mary K Keller. Prindle, Weber & Schmidt, 1973<ref name="Mary Kenneth Keller "/>
* ''Electrical circuits and Applications of matrix methods : analysis of linear circuits'' Mary K Keller; Consortium for Mathematics and Its Applications (U.S.); Undergraduate Mathematics and Its Applications Project (U.S.), 1978. U108.<ref>{{cite web|title=Electrical Circuits and Applications of Matrix Methods: Analysis of Linear Circuits (UMAP) Sister Mary K. Keller|url=http://216.250.163.249//product/?idx=401|access-date=28 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402104838/http://216.250.163.249//product/?idx=401|archive-date=2 April 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* ''Food service management and Applications of matrix methods : food service and dietary requirements'' by Mary K Keller; Consortium for Mathematics and Its Applications (U.S.); Undergraduate Mathematics and Its Applications Project (U.S.) Lexington, MA : COMAP/UMAP, 1983. U105, U109.<ref>{{cite web|title=Food Service Management and Applications of Matrix Methods: Food Service and Dietary Requirements (UMAP) Sister Mary K. Keller|url=http://216.250.163.249//product/?idx=270|access-date=28 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402155700/http://216.250.163.249//product/?idx=270|archive-date=2 April 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* ''Markov chains and applications of matrix methods : fixed point and absorbing Markov chains'' by Mary K Keller; Consortium for Mathematics and Its Applications (U.S.); Undergraduate Mathematics and Its Applications Project (U.S.) Lexington, MA : COMAP/UMAP, 1983. U107, U111.<ref>{{cite web|title=Markov Chains and Applications of Matrix Methods: Fixed Point and Absorbing Markov Chains (UMAP) Sister Mary K. Keller|url=http://216.250.163.249//product/?idx=272|access-date=28 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402190107/http://216.250.163.249//product/?idx=272|archive-date=2 April 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of Christians in science and technology]]
* [[List of lay Catholic scientists]]
* [[List of Catholic clergy scientists]]
* [[Timeline of women in science]]
* [[BASIC|BASIC (programming language)]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Keller, Mary Kenneth}}
[[Category:1913 births]]
[[Category:1985 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century American Roman Catholic nuns]]
[[Category:20th-century American women scientists]]
[[Category:American computer programmers]]
[[Category:American computer scientists]]
[[Category:American women computer scientists]]
[[Category:BASIC programming language]]
[[Category:Catholics from Iowa]]
[[Category:Clarke University faculty]]
[[Category:DePaul University alumni]]
[[Category:People from Dubuque, Iowa]]
[[Category:Programming language designers]]
[[Category:American software engineers]]
[[Category:University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science alumni]]

Main Page

2024-08-26T16:32:42Z

Johnrdorazio: /* Overview of the areas touched on */

[[File:Sanzio_01_Plato_Aristotle.jpg|thumb|280px|Plato (left) and Aristotle in Raphael's 1509 fresco, The School of Athens]]
[[File:V&A - Raphael, St Paul Preaching in Athens (1515).jpg|thumb|280px|[[wikipedia:Saint Paul|Saint Paul]] delivering the ''Areopagus Sermon'' in [[wikipedia:Athens|Athens]], by [[wikipedia:Raphael|Raphael]], 1515.]]
[[File:Bloch-SermonOnTheMount.jpg|thumb|280px|Sermon on the Mount by Carl Bloch (1877)]]

'''Semina Verbi''' or '''Seeds of the Word''' is a cultural project aimed at examining the ways in which the Christian Gospel in particular, and the Word of God in general, have influenced the cultures of mankind, or how the cultural and creative expressions of mankind can have seeds of truth which are related to the Truth of the Word of God.

== Origins of the expression ==

=== Early Christian apologists ===

The expression goes back to [[wikipedia:Justin Martyr|Justin the Martyr]] and to [[wikipedia:Clement of Alexandria|Clement of Alexandria]].

Saint [[w:Justin Martyr|Justin (100-165 AD)]] affirms in his ''Second Apology'':

{{Quote
|text=For I myself, when I discovered the wicked disguise which the evil spirits had thrown around the divine doctrines of the Christians, to turn aside others from joining them, laughed both at those who framed these falsehoods, and at the disguise itself and at popular opinion and I confess that I both boast and with all my strength strive to be found a Christian; not because the teachings of Plato are different from those of Christ, but because they are not in all respects similar, as neither are those of the others, Stoics, and poets, and historians. For each man spoke well in proportion to the share he had of the '''spermatic word''', seeing what was related to it. But they who contradict themselves on the more important points appear not to have possessed the heavenly wisdom, and the knowledge which cannot be spoken against. '''Whatever things were rightly said among all men, are the property of us Christians.''' For next to God, we worship and love the '''Word''' who is from the unbegotten and ineffable God, since also He became man for our sakes, that becoming a partaker of our sufferings, He might also bring us healing. For all the writers were able to see realities darkly through the '''sowing of the implanted word''' that was in them...
|author=[[wikipedia:Justin Martyr|Saint Justin the Martyr]]
|title=[https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/0127.htm Second Apology, 13]
}}

And Saint [[w:Clement of Alexandria|Clement of Alexandria (150-215 AD)]] affirms in his ''Stromata'':

{{Quote
|text=For, like farmers who irrigate the land beforehand, so we also water with the liquid stream of Greek learning what in it is earthy; so that it may receive the '''spiritual seed''' cast into it, and may be capable of easily nourishing it. The Stromata will contain the truth mixed up in the dogmas of philosophy, or rather covered over and hidden, as the edible part of the nut in the shell. For, in my opinion, it is fitting that the '''seeds of truth''' be kept for the husbandmen of faith, and no others. I am not oblivious of what is babbled by some, who in their ignorance are frightened at every noise, and say that we ought to occupy ourselves with what is most necessary, and which contains the faith; and that we should pass over what is beyond and superfluous, which wears out and detains us to no purpose, in things which conduce nothing to the great end. Others think that philosophy was introduced into life by an evil influence, for the ruin of men, by an evil inventor. But I shall show, throughout the whole of these Stromata, that evil has an evil nature, and can never turn out the producer of anything that is good; indicating that philosophy is in a sense a work of Divine Providence.
|author=[[wikipedia:Clement of Alexandria|Clement of Alexandria]]
|title=[https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/02101.htm Stromata, Book 1 Ch. 1]
}}

While [[wikipedia:Eusebius|Eusebius of Caesarea (260-339 AD)]], in his ''Praeparatio Evangelica'', affirms that the Greeks were clearly influenced in their philosophy by the Hebrew Scriptures, thus affirming from another point of view that the best in human culture was influenced by the Word of God:

{{Quote
|text=THE preceding Book, which is the tenth of the Evangelical Preparation, was intended to prove by no statements of my own, but by external testimonies, that as the Greeks had contributed no additional wisdom from their own resources, but only their force and elegance of language, and had borrowed all their philosophy from Barbarians, it was not improbable that they were also not unacquainted with the Hebrew Oracles, but had in part seized upon them also; seeing that they did not keep their hands clean from theft even of the literary efforts of their own countrymen...
Moreover in the same Book we learned by the comparison of dates that they were very young in age as well as in wisdom, and fell very far short of the ancient literature of the Hebrews.
Such were the contents of the preceding Book: but in this present one we hasten on at once to pay as it were a debt, I mean the promise which was given, and to exhibit the agreement of the Greek philosophers with the Hebrew Oracles in some if not in all their doctrinal theories.
|author=[[wikipedia:Eusebius|Eusebius of Caesarea]]
|title=[http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/eusebius_pe_11_book11.htm Praeparatio Evangelica, Book XI]
}}

The patrologist Berthold Altaner writes in regards to [[w:Justin Martyr|Justin the Martyr]] and his expression “seeds of the Word”:

{{Text and translation|{{lang|it|Con la sua teoria di λόγος σπερματικός [logos spermatikos] Giustino getta un ponte tra la filosofia antica e il Cristianesimo. In Cristo apparve, in tutta la sua pienezza, il Logos divino, ma ogni uomo possiede nella sua ragione un germe (σπέρμα) del Logos. Questa partecipazione al Logos, e conseguente disposizione a conoscere la Verità, fu in alcuni particolarmente grande; cosí nei Profeti del giudaismo e, fra i greci, in Eraclito e Socrate. Molti elementi della verità sono passati, cosí egli opina, nei poeti e nei filosofi greci dell’antica letteratura giudaica, poiché Mosè era ritenuto lo scrittore assolutamente piú antico. Di conseguenza i filosofi, in quanto vissero e insegnarono conformemente alle regole della ragione, furono dei Cristiani, in un certo senso, prima della venuta di Cristo. Tuttavia solo dopo questa venuta i Cristiani sono entrati in possesso della verità totale e sicura, priva di ogni errore. Il pensiero teologico di San Giustino è fortemente influenzato dalla filosofia stoica e platonica}}|With his theory of λόγος σπερματικός [logos spermatikos] Justin builds a bridge between ancient philosophy and Christianity. In Christ the divine Logos appeared in all his fullness, but every man possesses in his reason a germ (σπέρμα) of the Logos. This participation in the Logos, and consequent disposition to know the Truth, was particularly great in some; so in the Prophets of Judaism and, among the Greeks, in Heraclitus and Socrates. Many elements of the truth have passed, so he opines, in the Greek poets and philosophers of ancient Jewish literature, since Moses was considered the most ancient writer. Consequently, the philosophers, insofar as they lived and taught according to the rules of reason, were Christians, in a sense, before the coming of Christ. However, only after this coming did Christians come into possession of the total and sure truth, devoid of any error. The theological thought of Saint Justin is strongly influenced by Stoic and Platonic philosophy|author=Berthold Altaner|title=Patrologia|publisher=Marietti|edition=7ª ed.|year=1977|pages=pp. 70-71}}

=== Roots in the Gospel and the New Testament writings ===

[[wikipedia:Jesus|Jesus of Nazareth]] compared himself to a sower of seeds when he proclaimed the [[wikipedia:Parable of the Sower|Parable of the Sower]] to the crowds of people listening to Him.

{{Bible quote|ref=Matthew 13:3-9,18-23|inline=0}}

The [[wikipedia:Areopagus sermon|speech of Saint Paul to the Athenians in the Areopagus]] is emblematic, as he refers to a known greek poet in order to make his point about the Gospel of Jesus, as well as making reference to their religious traditions:

{{Bible quote|ref=Acts of the Apostles 17:16-34|inline=0}}

=== Magisterial Teachings of the Catholic Church ===

The doctrine of the Seeds of the Word, interpreted as truths of the Gospel being spread throughout human culture, is also present in the teachings of the [[w:Second Vatican Council|Second Vatican Council]]. The Decree on Missionary Activity ''[[wikipedia:Ad Gentes|Ad Gentes]]'' affirms:

{{Quote
|text= In order that they may be able to bear more fruitful witness to Christ, let [Christians] ... acknowledge themselves to be members of the group of men among whom they live; let them share in cultural and social life by the various undertakings and enterprises of human living; let them be familiar with their national and religious traditions; let them gladly and reverently lay bare the '''seeds of the Word''' which lie hidden among their fellows.
|author=Second Vatican Council
|title=[http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19651207_ad-gentes_en.html Ad Gentes, Ch. II, art. 1, n. 11]
}}

Similarly the [[w:Apostolic constitution|Dogmatic Constitution]] on the Church ''[[wikipedia:Lumen Gentium|Lumen Gentium]]'' states:

{{Quote
|text= Whatever good or truth is found amongst [those men who have not yet arrived at an explicit knowledge of God] is looked upon by the Church as a '''preparation for the Gospel'''.
|author=Second Vatican Council
|title=[http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html Lumen Gentium, n. 16]
}}

The Declaration on non Christian religions ''[[wikipedia:Nostra Aetate|Nostra Aetate]]'' uses the simile of a ray of light to express the same concept:

{{Quote
|text= From ancient times down to the present, there is found among various peoples a certain perception of that hidden power which hovers over the course of things and over the events of human history; at times some indeed have come to the recognition of a Supreme Being, or even of a Father. This perception and recognition penetrates their lives with a profound religious sense. ... The Catholic Church rejects nothing that is true and holy in these religions. She regards with sincere reverence those ways of conduct and of life, those precepts and teachings which, though differing in many aspects from the ones she holds and sets forth, nonetheless often reflect a '''ray of that Truth''' which enlightens all men.
|author=Second Vatican Council
|title=[http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decl_19651028_nostra-aetate_en.html Nostra Aetate n. 2]
}}

In the years following the [[w:Second Vatican Council|Second Vatican Council]], the metaphor ''Seeds of the Word'' and the theme ''Praeparatio evangelica'' were also used by the Popes.

[[wikipedia:Pope Paul VI|Pope Paul VI]], in the [[w:Apostolic exhortation|Apostolic Exhortation]] on evangelization, states:

{{Quote
|text=[Non-christian religions] are all impregnated with innumerable "'''seeds of the Word'''" and can constitute a true "'''preparation for the Gospel'''", to quote a felicitous term used by the Second Vatican Council and borrowed from Eusebius of Caesarea.
|author=Pope Paul VI
|title=[[wikipedia:Evangelii nuntiandi|Evangelii nuntiandi]], n. 53
}}

[[wikipedia:Pope John Paul II|Pope John Paul II]], in his first [[w:Encyclical|encyclical]] ''[[wikipedia:Redemptor Hominis|Redemptor Hominis]]'', writes:

{{Quote
|text= The Fathers of the Church rightly saw in the various religions as it were so many reflections of the one truth, "'''seeds of the Word'''", attesting that, though the routes taken may be different, there is but a single goal to which is directed the deepest aspiration of the human spirit as expressed in its quest for God and also in its quest, through its tending towards God, for the full dimension of its humanity, or in other words for the full meaning of human life.
|author=[[wikipedia:Pope John Paul II|Pope John Paul II]]
|title=[[wikipedia:Redemptor Hominis|Redemptor Hominis]], n. 11
}}

And the [[w:Catechism of the Catholic Church|Catechism of the Catholic Church]], quoting from ''[[wikipedia:Lumen Gentium|Lumen Gentium]]'', states:

{{Quote
|text= The Catholic Church recognizes in other religions that search, among shadows and images, for the God who is unknown yet near since he gives life and breath and all things and wants all men to be saved. Thus, the Church considers all goodness and truth found in these religions as "a '''preparation for the Gospel''' and given by him who enlightens all men that they may at length have life."
|title=[https://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/__P29.HTM CCC n. 843]
}}

== Overview of the areas touched on ==

<mobileonly>
The articles of this encyclopedia are organized into the following general categories:

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:50%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Literary arts|Literary arts]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Drama (Literature)|Drama (Literature)]]
* [[:Category:Fiction (Literature)|Fiction (Literature)]]
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* [[:Category:Prose (Literature)|Prose (Literature)]]
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<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:50%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Performing arts|Performing arts]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Dance|Dance]]
* [[:Category:Music|Music]]
* [[:Category:Theatre|Theatre]]
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<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:50%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Visual arts|Visual arts]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Architecture|Architecture]]
* [[:Category:Ceramic art|Ceramic art]]
* [[:Category:Cinematography|Cinematography]]

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Drawing|Drawing]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Engraving|Engraving]]
* [[:Category:Etching|Etching]]
* [[:Category:Cave painting|Cave painting]]
* [[:Category:Charcoal drawing|Charcoal drawing]]
* [[:Category:Pencil drawing|Pencil drawing]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Glass art|Glass art]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Glassblowing|Glassblowing]]
* [[:Category:Stained glass|Stained glass]]
</div>
</div>

* [[:Category:Mosaic art|Mosaic art]]

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Painting|Painting]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Fresco painting|Fresco painting]]
* [[:Category:Oil painting|Oil painting]]
* [[:Category:Watercolor painting|Watercolor painting]]
</div>
</div>

* [[:Category:Photography|Photography]]
* [[:Category:Sculpting|Sculpting]]
* [[:Category:Tapestry|Tapestry]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Formal sciences|Formal sciences]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Hitory|History]]
* [[:Category:Philosophy|Philosophy]]
* [[:Category:Logic|Logic]]
* [[:Category:Mathematics|Mathematics]]
* [[:Category:Computer science|Computer science]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Natural sciences|Natural sciences]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Physics|Physics]]
* [[:Category:Chemistry|Chemistry]]
* [[:Category:Astronomy|Astronomy]]
* [[:Category:Biology|Biology]]
* [[:Category:Geology|Geology]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Social sciences|Social sciences]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Anthropology|Anthropology]]
* [[:Category:Archeology|Archeology]]
* [[:Category:Economics|Economics]]
* [[:Category:Geografy|Geography]]
* [[:Category:Linguistics|Linguistics]]
* [[:Category:Political science|Political science]]
* [[:Category:Psychology|Psychology]]
* [[:Category:Medicinal science|Medicine]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Popular culture|Popular culture]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Culinary arts|Culinary arts]]
* [[:Category:Comics|Comics]]
* [[:Category:Video gaming|Video gaming]]
</div>
</div>
</mobileonly>
{{Navbox
| state = uncollapsed
| title = Table of Contents
| listclass = hlist
| group1 = [[:Category:Literary arts|Literary arts]]
| list1 = * [[:Category:Drama (Literature)|Drama]]
* [[:Category:Fiction (Literature)|Fiction]]
* [[:Category:Poetry (Literature)|Poetry]]
* [[:Category:Prose (Literature)|Prose]]
| group2 = [[:Category:Performing arts|Performing arts]]
| list2 =
{{Navbox|child
| group1 = [[:Category:Dance|Dance]]
| list1 = List1
| group2 = [[:Category:Music|Music]]
| list2 = List2
| group3 = [[:Category:Theatre|Theatre]]
| list3 = List3
}}
| group3 = [[:Category:Visual arts|Visual arts]]
| list3 =
{{Navbox|child
| group1 = [[:Category:Architecture|Architecture]]
| list1 = List 1
| group2 = [[:Category:Ceramic art|Ceramic art]]
| list2 = List 2
| group3 = [[:Category:Cinematography|Cinematography]]
| list3 = * [[:Category:Sitcom|Sitcom]]
* [[:Category:Feature film|Feature film]]
* [[:Category:Short film|Short film]]
| group4 = [[:Category:Drawing|Drawing]]
| list4 = * [[:Category:Engraving|Engraving]]
* [[:Category:Etching|Etching]]
* [[:Category:Cave painting|Cave painting]]
* [[:Category:Charcoal drawing|Charcoal drawing]]
* [[:Category:Pencil drawing|Pencil drawing]]
| group5 = [[:Category:Glass art|Glass art]]
| list5 = * [[:Category:Glassblowing|Glassblowing]]
* [[:Category:Stained glass|Stained glass]]
| group6 = [[:Category:Mosaic art|Mosaic art]]
| list6 = List 6
| group7 = [[:Category:Painting|Painting]]
| list7 = * [[:Category:Fresco painting|Fresco]]
* [[:Category:Oil painting|Oil painting]]
* [[:Category:Watercolor painting|Watercolor]]
| group8 = [[:Category:Photography|Photography]]
| list8 = * [[:Category:Black and White photography|Black and White photography]]
* [[:Category:HDR photography|HDR photography]]
* [[:Category:Landscape photography|Landscape photography]]
* [[:Category:Portrait photography|Portrait photography]]
| group9 = [[:Category:Sculpting|Sculpting]]
| list9 = List 9
| group10 = [[:Category:Tapestry|Tapestry]]
| list10 = List 10
}}
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| list4 =
* [[:Category:Hitory|History]]
* [[:Category:Philosophy|Philosophy]]
* [[:Category:Logic|Logic]]
* [[:Category:Mathematics|Mathematics]]
* [[:Category:Computer science|Computer science]]
| group5 = [[:Category:Natural sciences|Natural sciences]]
| list5 =
* [[:Category:Physics|Physics]]
* [[:Category:Chemistry|Chemistry]]
* [[:Category:Astronomy|Astronomy]]
* [[:Category:Biology|Biology]]
* [[:Category:Geology|Geology]]
| group6 = [[:Category:Social sciences|Social sciences]]
| list6 =
* [[:Category:Anthropology|Anthropology]]
* [[:Category:Archeology|Archeology]]
* [[:Category:Economics|Economics]]
* [[:Category:Geografy|Geography]]
* [[:Category:Linguistics|Linguistics]]
* [[:Category:Political science|Political science]]
* [[:Category:Psychology|Psychology]]
* [[:Category:Medicinal science|Medicine]]
| group7 = [[:Category:Popular culture|Popular culture]]
| list7 =
* [[:Category:Culinary arts|Culinary arts]]
* [[:Category:Comics|Comics]]
* [[:Category:Video gaming|Video gaming]]
}}

Main Page

2024-08-26T16:30:15Z

Johnrdorazio:

[[File:Sanzio_01_Plato_Aristotle.jpg|thumb|280px|Plato (left) and Aristotle in Raphael's 1509 fresco, The School of Athens]]
[[File:V&A - Raphael, St Paul Preaching in Athens (1515).jpg|thumb|280px|[[wikipedia:Saint Paul|Saint Paul]] delivering the ''Areopagus Sermon'' in [[wikipedia:Athens|Athens]], by [[wikipedia:Raphael|Raphael]], 1515.]]
[[File:Bloch-SermonOnTheMount.jpg|thumb|280px|Sermon on the Mount by Carl Bloch (1877)]]

'''Semina Verbi''' or '''Seeds of the Word''' is a cultural project aimed at examining the ways in which the Christian Gospel in particular, and the Word of God in general, have influenced the cultures of mankind, or how the cultural and creative expressions of mankind can have seeds of truth which are related to the Truth of the Word of God.

== Origins of the expression ==

=== Early Christian apologists ===

The expression goes back to [[wikipedia:Justin Martyr|Justin the Martyr]] and to [[wikipedia:Clement of Alexandria|Clement of Alexandria]].

Saint [[w:Justin Martyr|Justin (100-165 AD)]] affirms in his ''Second Apology'':

{{Quote
|text=For I myself, when I discovered the wicked disguise which the evil spirits had thrown around the divine doctrines of the Christians, to turn aside others from joining them, laughed both at those who framed these falsehoods, and at the disguise itself and at popular opinion and I confess that I both boast and with all my strength strive to be found a Christian; not because the teachings of Plato are different from those of Christ, but because they are not in all respects similar, as neither are those of the others, Stoics, and poets, and historians. For each man spoke well in proportion to the share he had of the '''spermatic word''', seeing what was related to it. But they who contradict themselves on the more important points appear not to have possessed the heavenly wisdom, and the knowledge which cannot be spoken against. '''Whatever things were rightly said among all men, are the property of us Christians.''' For next to God, we worship and love the '''Word''' who is from the unbegotten and ineffable God, since also He became man for our sakes, that becoming a partaker of our sufferings, He might also bring us healing. For all the writers were able to see realities darkly through the '''sowing of the implanted word''' that was in them...
|author=[[wikipedia:Justin Martyr|Saint Justin the Martyr]]
|title=[https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/0127.htm Second Apology, 13]
}}

And Saint [[w:Clement of Alexandria|Clement of Alexandria (150-215 AD)]] affirms in his ''Stromata'':

{{Quote
|text=For, like farmers who irrigate the land beforehand, so we also water with the liquid stream of Greek learning what in it is earthy; so that it may receive the '''spiritual seed''' cast into it, and may be capable of easily nourishing it. The Stromata will contain the truth mixed up in the dogmas of philosophy, or rather covered over and hidden, as the edible part of the nut in the shell. For, in my opinion, it is fitting that the '''seeds of truth''' be kept for the husbandmen of faith, and no others. I am not oblivious of what is babbled by some, who in their ignorance are frightened at every noise, and say that we ought to occupy ourselves with what is most necessary, and which contains the faith; and that we should pass over what is beyond and superfluous, which wears out and detains us to no purpose, in things which conduce nothing to the great end. Others think that philosophy was introduced into life by an evil influence, for the ruin of men, by an evil inventor. But I shall show, throughout the whole of these Stromata, that evil has an evil nature, and can never turn out the producer of anything that is good; indicating that philosophy is in a sense a work of Divine Providence.
|author=[[wikipedia:Clement of Alexandria|Clement of Alexandria]]
|title=[https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/02101.htm Stromata, Book 1 Ch. 1]
}}

While [[wikipedia:Eusebius|Eusebius of Caesarea (260-339 AD)]], in his ''Praeparatio Evangelica'', affirms that the Greeks were clearly influenced in their philosophy by the Hebrew Scriptures, thus affirming from another point of view that the best in human culture was influenced by the Word of God:

{{Quote
|text=THE preceding Book, which is the tenth of the Evangelical Preparation, was intended to prove by no statements of my own, but by external testimonies, that as the Greeks had contributed no additional wisdom from their own resources, but only their force and elegance of language, and had borrowed all their philosophy from Barbarians, it was not improbable that they were also not unacquainted with the Hebrew Oracles, but had in part seized upon them also; seeing that they did not keep their hands clean from theft even of the literary efforts of their own countrymen...
Moreover in the same Book we learned by the comparison of dates that they were very young in age as well as in wisdom, and fell very far short of the ancient literature of the Hebrews.
Such were the contents of the preceding Book: but in this present one we hasten on at once to pay as it were a debt, I mean the promise which was given, and to exhibit the agreement of the Greek philosophers with the Hebrew Oracles in some if not in all their doctrinal theories.
|author=[[wikipedia:Eusebius|Eusebius of Caesarea]]
|title=[http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/eusebius_pe_11_book11.htm Praeparatio Evangelica, Book XI]
}}

The patrologist Berthold Altaner writes in regards to [[w:Justin Martyr|Justin the Martyr]] and his expression “seeds of the Word”:

{{Text and translation|{{lang|it|Con la sua teoria di λόγος σπερματικός [logos spermatikos] Giustino getta un ponte tra la filosofia antica e il Cristianesimo. In Cristo apparve, in tutta la sua pienezza, il Logos divino, ma ogni uomo possiede nella sua ragione un germe (σπέρμα) del Logos. Questa partecipazione al Logos, e conseguente disposizione a conoscere la Verità, fu in alcuni particolarmente grande; cosí nei Profeti del giudaismo e, fra i greci, in Eraclito e Socrate. Molti elementi della verità sono passati, cosí egli opina, nei poeti e nei filosofi greci dell’antica letteratura giudaica, poiché Mosè era ritenuto lo scrittore assolutamente piú antico. Di conseguenza i filosofi, in quanto vissero e insegnarono conformemente alle regole della ragione, furono dei Cristiani, in un certo senso, prima della venuta di Cristo. Tuttavia solo dopo questa venuta i Cristiani sono entrati in possesso della verità totale e sicura, priva di ogni errore. Il pensiero teologico di San Giustino è fortemente influenzato dalla filosofia stoica e platonica}}|With his theory of λόγος σπερματικός [logos spermatikos] Justin builds a bridge between ancient philosophy and Christianity. In Christ the divine Logos appeared in all his fullness, but every man possesses in his reason a germ (σπέρμα) of the Logos. This participation in the Logos, and consequent disposition to know the Truth, was particularly great in some; so in the Prophets of Judaism and, among the Greeks, in Heraclitus and Socrates. Many elements of the truth have passed, so he opines, in the Greek poets and philosophers of ancient Jewish literature, since Moses was considered the most ancient writer. Consequently, the philosophers, insofar as they lived and taught according to the rules of reason, were Christians, in a sense, before the coming of Christ. However, only after this coming did Christians come into possession of the total and sure truth, devoid of any error. The theological thought of Saint Justin is strongly influenced by Stoic and Platonic philosophy|author=Berthold Altaner|title=Patrologia|publisher=Marietti|edition=7ª ed.|year=1977|pages=pp. 70-71}}

=== Roots in the Gospel and the New Testament writings ===

[[wikipedia:Jesus|Jesus of Nazareth]] compared himself to a sower of seeds when he proclaimed the [[wikipedia:Parable of the Sower|Parable of the Sower]] to the crowds of people listening to Him.

{{Bible quote|ref=Matthew 13:3-9,18-23|inline=0}}

The [[wikipedia:Areopagus sermon|speech of Saint Paul to the Athenians in the Areopagus]] is emblematic, as he refers to a known greek poet in order to make his point about the Gospel of Jesus, as well as making reference to their religious traditions:

{{Bible quote|ref=Acts of the Apostles 17:16-34|inline=0}}

=== Magisterial Teachings of the Catholic Church ===

The doctrine of the Seeds of the Word, interpreted as truths of the Gospel being spread throughout human culture, is also present in the teachings of the [[w:Second Vatican Council|Second Vatican Council]]. The Decree on Missionary Activity ''[[wikipedia:Ad Gentes|Ad Gentes]]'' affirms:

{{Quote
|text= In order that they may be able to bear more fruitful witness to Christ, let [Christians] ... acknowledge themselves to be members of the group of men among whom they live; let them share in cultural and social life by the various undertakings and enterprises of human living; let them be familiar with their national and religious traditions; let them gladly and reverently lay bare the '''seeds of the Word''' which lie hidden among their fellows.
|author=Second Vatican Council
|title=[http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19651207_ad-gentes_en.html Ad Gentes, Ch. II, art. 1, n. 11]
}}

Similarly the [[w:Apostolic constitution|Dogmatic Constitution]] on the Church ''[[wikipedia:Lumen Gentium|Lumen Gentium]]'' states:

{{Quote
|text= Whatever good or truth is found amongst [those men who have not yet arrived at an explicit knowledge of God] is looked upon by the Church as a '''preparation for the Gospel'''.
|author=Second Vatican Council
|title=[http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html Lumen Gentium, n. 16]
}}

The Declaration on non Christian religions ''[[wikipedia:Nostra Aetate|Nostra Aetate]]'' uses the simile of a ray of light to express the same concept:

{{Quote
|text= From ancient times down to the present, there is found among various peoples a certain perception of that hidden power which hovers over the course of things and over the events of human history; at times some indeed have come to the recognition of a Supreme Being, or even of a Father. This perception and recognition penetrates their lives with a profound religious sense. ... The Catholic Church rejects nothing that is true and holy in these religions. She regards with sincere reverence those ways of conduct and of life, those precepts and teachings which, though differing in many aspects from the ones she holds and sets forth, nonetheless often reflect a '''ray of that Truth''' which enlightens all men.
|author=Second Vatican Council
|title=[http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decl_19651028_nostra-aetate_en.html Nostra Aetate n. 2]
}}

In the years following the [[w:Second Vatican Council|Second Vatican Council]], the metaphor ''Seeds of the Word'' and the theme ''Praeparatio evangelica'' were also used by the Popes.

[[wikipedia:Pope Paul VI|Pope Paul VI]], in the [[w:Apostolic exhortation|Apostolic Exhortation]] on evangelization, states:

{{Quote
|text=[Non-christian religions] are all impregnated with innumerable "'''seeds of the Word'''" and can constitute a true "'''preparation for the Gospel'''", to quote a felicitous term used by the Second Vatican Council and borrowed from Eusebius of Caesarea.
|author=Pope Paul VI
|title=[[wikipedia:Evangelii nuntiandi|Evangelii nuntiandi]], n. 53
}}

[[wikipedia:Pope John Paul II|Pope John Paul II]], in his first [[w:Encyclical|encyclical]] ''[[wikipedia:Redemptor Hominis|Redemptor Hominis]]'', writes:

{{Quote
|text= The Fathers of the Church rightly saw in the various religions as it were so many reflections of the one truth, "'''seeds of the Word'''", attesting that, though the routes taken may be different, there is but a single goal to which is directed the deepest aspiration of the human spirit as expressed in its quest for God and also in its quest, through its tending towards God, for the full dimension of its humanity, or in other words for the full meaning of human life.
|author=[[wikipedia:Pope John Paul II|Pope John Paul II]]
|title=[[wikipedia:Redemptor Hominis|Redemptor Hominis]], n. 11
}}

And the [[w:Catechism of the Catholic Church|Catechism of the Catholic Church]], quoting from ''[[wikipedia:Lumen Gentium|Lumen Gentium]]'', states:

{{Quote
|text= The Catholic Church recognizes in other religions that search, among shadows and images, for the God who is unknown yet near since he gives life and breath and all things and wants all men to be saved. Thus, the Church considers all goodness and truth found in these religions as "a '''preparation for the Gospel''' and given by him who enlightens all men that they may at length have life."
|title=[https://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/__P29.HTM CCC n. 843]
}}

== Overview of the areas touched on ==

<mobileonly>
The articles of this encyclopedia are organized into the following general categories:

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:50%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Literary arts|Literary arts]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Drama (Literature)|Drama (Literature)]]
* [[:Category:Fiction (Literature)|Fiction (Literature)]]
* [[:Category:Poetry (Literature)|Poetry (Literature)]]
* [[:Category:Prose (Literature)|Prose (Literature)]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:50%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Performing arts]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Dance|Dance]]
* [[:Category:Music|Music]]
* [[:Category:Theatre|Theatre]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:50%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Visual arts]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Architecture|Architecture]]
* [[:Category:Ceramic art|Ceramic art]]
* [[:Category:Cinematography|Cinematography]]

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Drawing]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Engraving|Engraving]]
* [[:Category:Etching|Etching]]
* [[:Category:Cave painting|Cave painting]]
* [[:Category:Charcoal drawing|Charcoal drawing]]
* [[:Category:Pencil drawing|Pencil drawing]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Glass art]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Glassblowing|Glassblowing]]
* [[:Category:Stained glass|Stained glass]]
</div>
</div>

* [[:Category:Mosaic art|Mosaic art]]

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Painting|Painting]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Fresco painting|Fresco painting]]
* [[:Category:Oil painting|Oil painting]]
* [[:Category:Watercolor painting|Watercolor painting]]
</div>
</div>

* [[:Category:Photography|Photography]]
* [[:Category:Sculpting|Sculpting]]
* [[:Category:Tapestry|Tapestry]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Formal sciences]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Hitory|History]]
* [[:Category:Philosophy|Philosophy]]
* [[:Category:Logic|Logic]]
* [[:Category:Mathematics|Mathematics]]
* [[:Category:Computer science|Computer science]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Natural sciences|Natural sciences]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Physics|Physics]]
* [[:Category:Chemistry|Chemistry]]
* [[:Category:Astronomy|Astronomy]]
* [[:Category:Biology|Biology]]
* [[:Category:Geology|Geology]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Social sciences|Social sciences]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Anthropology|Anthropology]]
* [[:Category:Archeology|Archeology]]
* [[:Category:Economics|Economics]]
* [[:Category:Geografy|Geography]]
* [[:Category:Linguistics|Linguistics]]
* [[:Category:Political science|Political science]]
* [[:Category:Psychology|Psychology]]
* [[:Category:Medicinal science|Medicine]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Popular culture|Popular culture]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Culinary arts|Culinary arts]]
* [[:Category:Comics|Comics]]
* [[:Category:Video gaming|Video gaming]]
</div>
</div>
</mobileonly>
{{Navbox
| state = uncollapsed
| title = Table of Contents
| listclass = hlist
| group1 = [[:Category:Literary arts|Literary arts]]
| list1 = * [[:Category:Drama (Literature)|Drama]]
* [[:Category:Fiction (Literature)|Fiction]]
* [[:Category:Poetry (Literature)|Poetry]]
* [[:Category:Prose (Literature)|Prose]]
| group2 = [[:Category:Performing arts|Performing arts]]
| list2 =
{{Navbox|child
| group1 = [[:Category:Dance|Dance]]
| list1 = List1
| group2 = [[:Category:Music|Music]]
| list2 = List2
| group3 = [[:Category:Theatre|Theatre]]
| list3 = List3
}}
| group3 = [[:Category:Visual arts|Visual arts]]
| list3 =
{{Navbox|child
| group1 = [[:Category:Architecture|Architecture]]
| list1 = List 1
| group2 = [[:Category:Ceramic art|Ceramic art]]
| list2 = List 2
| group3 = [[:Category:Cinematography|Cinematography]]
| list3 = * [[:Category:Sitcom|Sitcom]]
* [[:Category:Feature film|Feature film]]
* [[:Category:Short film|Short film]]
| group4 = [[:Category:Drawing|Drawing]]
| list4 = * [[:Category:Engraving|Engraving]]
* [[:Category:Etching|Etching]]
* [[:Category:Cave painting|Cave painting]]
* [[:Category:Charcoal drawing|Charcoal drawing]]
* [[:Category:Pencil drawing|Pencil drawing]]
| group5 = [[:Category:Glass art|Glass art]]
| list5 = * [[:Category:Glassblowing|Glassblowing]]
* [[:Category:Stained glass|Stained glass]]
| group6 = [[:Category:Mosaic art|Mosaic art]]
| list6 = List 6
| group7 = [[:Category:Painting|Painting]]
| list7 = * [[:Category:Fresco painting|Fresco]]
* [[:Category:Oil painting|Oil painting]]
* [[:Category:Watercolor painting|Watercolor]]
| group8 = [[:Category:Photography|Photography]]
| list8 = * [[:Category:Black and White photography|Black and White photography]]
* [[:Category:HDR photography|HDR photography]]
* [[:Category:Landscape photography|Landscape photography]]
* [[:Category:Portrait photography|Portrait photography]]
| group9 = [[:Category:Sculpting|Sculpting]]
| list9 = List 9
| group10 = [[:Category:Tapestry|Tapestry]]
| list10 = List 10
}}
| group4 = [[:Category:Formal sciences|Formal sciences]]
| list4 =
* [[:Category:Hitory|History]]
* [[:Category:Philosophy|Philosophy]]
* [[:Category:Logic|Logic]]
* [[:Category:Mathematics|Mathematics]]
* [[:Category:Computer science|Computer science]]
| group5 = [[:Category:Natural sciences|Natural sciences]]
| list5 =
* [[:Category:Physics|Physics]]
* [[:Category:Chemistry|Chemistry]]
* [[:Category:Astronomy|Astronomy]]
* [[:Category:Biology|Biology]]
* [[:Category:Geology|Geology]]
| group6 = [[:Category:Social sciences|Social sciences]]
| list6 =
* [[:Category:Anthropology|Anthropology]]
* [[:Category:Archeology|Archeology]]
* [[:Category:Economics|Economics]]
* [[:Category:Geografy|Geography]]
* [[:Category:Linguistics|Linguistics]]
* [[:Category:Political science|Political science]]
* [[:Category:Psychology|Psychology]]
* [[:Category:Medicinal science|Medicine]]
| group7 = [[:Category:Popular culture|Popular culture]]
| list7 =
* [[:Category:Culinary arts|Culinary arts]]
* [[:Category:Comics|Comics]]
* [[:Category:Video gaming|Video gaming]]
}}

User talk:Johnrdorazio

2024-08-26T15:57:30Z

Johnrdorazio: /* Test using MobileDetect within Template */

== Here's a place to discuss this online encyclopedia with me ==

If you have any questions or need help when creating or editing an article, please feel free to contact me and we can try to work out any issues. Just click on [https://en.seminaverbi.bibleget.io/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Johnrdorazio&action=edit&section=new Add topic] here on top.

== Test audio file ==
[[File:Twelve_bar_boogie-woogie_blues_in_C.mid]]

== Test Score tag ==

<score sound="1">
{ \new PianoStaff << \new Staff \relative c'' { \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"violin" \clef treble \tempo 8 = 126 \time 3/16 r16 <d c a fis d>\f-! r16\fermata | \time 2/16 r <d c a fis d>-! \time 3/16 r <d c a fis d>8-! | r16 <d c a fis d>8-! | \time 2/8 <d c a fis>16-! <e c bes g>->-![ <cis b aes f>-! <c a fis ees>-!] } \new Staff \relative c { \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"violin" \clef bass \time 3/16 d,16-! <bes'' ees,>-! r\fermata | \time 2/16 <d,, d,>-! <bes'' ees,>-! | \time 3/16 d16-! <ees cis>8-! | r16 <ees cis>8-! | \time 2/8 d16\sf-! <ees cis>-!->[ <d c>-! <d c>-!] } >> }
</score>

== Test Score tag in raw lilypond format, with title ==
<score raw="1" lang="lilypond" sound="1">
\version "2.22.0"

\header {
title = "Maple Leaf Rag"
composer = "Scott Joplin"
piece = "Tempo di marcia"

mutopiatitle = "Maple Leaf Rag"
mutopiacomposer = "JoplinS"
mutopiainstrument = "Piano"
date = "c. 1899"
style = "Jazz"
copyright = "Public Domain"
source = "Reproduction of original edition (1899)"

maintainer = "Chris Sawer"
maintainerEmail = "chris@mutopiaproject.org"
maintainerWeb = "http://cjsawer.whitewillow.co.uk/"
}

\paper {
top-margin = 15
bottom-margin = 10
min-systems-per-page = #4
max-systems-per-page = #5
system-system-spacing.padding = #8
}

top = \relative c' {
\key as \major
\time 2/4
\clef treble
\partial 8
r8 \f |
\repeat volta 2 {
r16 as' <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>4 |
r16 as, <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>8 r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r8 |
\change Staff = "down"
\stemUp r16^\p as,,,-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) \stemNeutral |
\change Staff = "up"
r16 as-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) |
<as as,>8-\mf \< <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> \! es f c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes!> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
<c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> r16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,>8 <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
} \alternative {
{ <c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> r8 }
{ <c es,>16 as <bes es,>8 <as es> r8 }
}

\break

\repeat volta 2 {
r16_\markup {\dynamic f \italic "stacc."} g' <es' es,> g, bes <d d,>8 g,16 |
<des'! des,!> g, bes <c c,> ~ <c c,> es, <bes' bes,> es, |
r c <as' as,> c, es <f f,>8 c16 |
<as' as,> c, es <f f,> ~ <f f,> c <f f,>8 |
r16 es <g g,> bes, des <f f,>8 es16 |
<g g,> bes, des <f f,> ~ <f f,> des <f f,>8 |
r16 c <as' as,> c, es <f f,>8 c16 |
<as' as,> c, es <f f,> ~ <f f,> c <f f,>8 |
r16 g <es' es,> g, bes <d d,>8 g,16 |
<des'! des,!> g, bes <c c,> ~ <c c,> es, <bes' bes,> es, |
r c <as' as,> c, es <f f,>8 c16 |
<as' as,>8 <as as,> <g g,> <ges ges,> |
r16 f, a c f c a f |
r f bes des <f f,>8 <des bes f> |
<c as f d> r16 <c as f d> r <bes des,>8 es,16 |
} \alternative {
{ <as c,>8 <es' es,> <es es,> <es es,> }
{ r16 as, c es <as as,>8 r }
}

r16-\f as, <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>4 |
r16 as, <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>8 r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r8 |
\change Staff = "down"
\stemUp r16^\p as,,,-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) \stemNeutral |
\change Staff = "up"
r16 as-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) |
<as as,>8-\mf \< <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> \! es f c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes!> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
<c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> r16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,>8 <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
<c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> <as' as,> |

\key des \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<as es c as>8.^\markup {\large "TRIO"} <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes8 |
<as' es c as>8. <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes <es c> |
as, des bes des f as, des f |
bes, des f as, ~ as f' bes, f' |
<as es c as>8. <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes8 |
<as' es c as>8. <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes <es c> |
as, des bes des f as, des f |
bes, des f as, ~ as f' a, <f' es> |
<bes f d bes>8. <bes f d c>16 ~ <bes f d c>16 <f d> c8 |
<bes' f d bes>8. <bes f d c>16 ~ <bes f d c>16 <f d> c <f d> |
r es <bes' bes,> es, ges <c c,>8 es,16 |
<bes' bes,> es, ges <c c,> ~ <c c,> es, <bes' bes,>8 |
<des fes, des> <des fes, des> <c fes, c> <bes fes bes,> |
<f! as,>16 des es <ges bes,> ~ <ges bes,> bes, <f' as,>8 |
<f g,>16 des es <f ges,> ~ <f ges,> c <es ges,> <des f,> ~ |
} \alternative {
{ <des f,>16 <as' as,>8 f16 <as as,> f <as as,> f }
{ <des f,>16 des f as <des des,>8 r }
}

\break

\key as \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<as as,> <f as,> <as as,> <f as,> |
<as f> <bes f>16 <c f,> ~ <c f,> bes as f |
es f8 <c as>16 ~ <c as>4 |
r16 es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 c16 |
<es g,>8 f16 <bes, g> ~ <bes g>4 |
r16 des <f g,> bes, des <f g,>8 <c as>16 ~ |
<c as> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <c as>16 ~ |
<c as> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 es16 |
<as as,>8 <f as,> <as as,> <f as,> |
<as f> <bes f>16 <c f,> ~ <c f,> bes as f |
as8 f es16 as8 <c, as>16 ~ |
<c as> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <as, f>16 ~ |
<as f> bes <as f>8 <as fes> <bes fes>16 <as es> ~ |
<as es> bes <c es,> as bes <c es,>8 <as d,>16 ~ |
<as d,!> bes <c d,> as r <bes des,>8 es,16 |
} \alternative {
{ <as c,>8 <es' es,> <es es,> <es es,> }
{ <as, c,> <es' des g,> <as es c as> }
}

\bar "|."
}

bottom = \relative c {
\key as \major
\time 2/4
\clef bass
\partial 8
<es es,>8 |
\repeat volta 2 {
<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 <es es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 r |
\stemDown as,, r as' r \stemNeutral |
as' r as' r \clef treble |
<b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
<c as es> <des g, es> <c as> r \clef bass |
<b, as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
} \alternative {
{ <c as es> <des g, es> <c as> <es, es,> }
{ <c' as es> <des g, es> <c as> <a a,> }
}

\repeat volta 2 {
<bes bes,>8 <des g, es> <es, es,> <des' g, es> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <g g,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <c as es> <as as,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <des' g, es> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <bes bes,> <b b,> |
<c c,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <c as es> <as as,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <des' g, es> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <g g,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <as as,> <g g,> <ges ges,> |
<f f,> <f f,> <a a,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des bes f> <des bes f> <des bes f> |
<bes f bes,> <bes f bes,> <es, es,> <g g,> |
} \alternative {
{ <as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> }
{ <as as,> <es' c as> <es c as> <es, es,> }
}

<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 <es es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 r |
\stemDown as,, r as' r \stemNeutral |
as' r as' r \clef treble |
<b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
<c as es> <des g, es> <c as> r \clef bass |
<b, as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
<c as es> <des g, es> <c as> r |

\key des \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<es, es,> <ges' c, as> <ges, ges,> <ges' c, as> |
<f, f,> <ges' c, as> <es, es,> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f' des as> <as, as,> <f' des as> |
<f, f,> <f' des as> <des, des,> <d d,> |
<es es,> <ges' c, as> <ges, ges,> <ges' c, as> |
<f, f,> <ges' c, as> <es, es,> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f' des as> <as, as,> <f' des as> |
<f, f,> <f' des as> <des, des,> <c c,> |
<bes bes,> <as'' d, bes> <d,, d,> <as'' d, bes> |
<f, f,> <as' d, bes> <bes, bes,> <as' d, bes> |
<es, es,> <ges' es bes> <ges, ges,> <ges' es bes> |
<es, es,> <ges' es bes> <ges, ges,> <ges' es bes> |
g,16 bes8 des16 fes des bes g |
<as as,>8 <f'! des as> bes,, <d' bes as> |
<des! bes es,> <des bes es,> <c as> <c as> |
} \alternative {
{ <des des,> <f des as> <f des as> <d, d,> }
{ <des' des,> <as as,> <des, des,> <c' c,> }
}

\key as \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<des des,> <f des as> <f des as> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f des as> <bes, bes,> <b b,> |
<c c,> <es c as> <es c as> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <g g,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <c as es> <bes bes,> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f des as> <f des as> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f des as> <bes, bes,> <b b,> |
<c c,> <es c as> <es c as> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<des, des,> <des des,> <bes bes,> <d d,> |
<es es,> <c' as es> <es, es,> <e e,> |
<f f,> <f f,> <g g,> <g g,> |
} \alternative {
{ <as as,> <c as es> <bes bes,> <c c,> }
{ <as as,> <es es,> <as, as,> }
}

\bar "|."
}

\score {
\context PianoStaff <<
\context Staff = "up"
\top
\context Staff = "down"
\bottom
>>

\layout {}

}

\score {
\context PianoStaff <<
\context Staff = "up"
\unfoldRepeats \top
\context Staff = "down"
\unfoldRepeats \bottom
>>

\midi {
\tempo 4 = 120
\context {
\Voice
\remove Dynamic_performer
}
}
}
</score>

== Test syntax highlighting ==

'''Javascript:'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="js" line>
let jsV = "Javascript variable";
let jsObj = {
item: "First item"
}
</syntaxhighlight>

'''PHP'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="php" line>
$myVar = "PHP variable";
$myVarUpper = strtoupper($myVar);
</syntaxhighlight>

'''LUA'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>
-- defines a factorial function
function fact (n)
if n == 0 then
return 1
else
return n * fact(n-1)
end
end

print("enter a number:")
a = io.read("*number") -- read a number
print(fact(a))
</syntaxhighlight>

== Test using MobileDetect within Template ==

{{Template:MobileDetect|I am a '''Desktop''' device.|I am a '''Mobile''' device.}}

{{Template:MobileDetect|I am a not a '''Mobile''' device!|I am not a '''Desktop''' device!}}

User talk:Johnrdorazio

2024-08-26T15:06:22Z

Johnrdorazio: /* Test using MobileDetect within Template */

Template:MobileDetect

2024-08-25T13:41:21Z

Johnrdorazio:

<includeonly>{{#nomobile:{{{1}}}}}{{#mobileonly:{{{2}}}}}</includeonly>

User talk:Johnrdorazio

2024-08-25T13:39:59Z

Johnrdorazio: /* Test using MobileDetect within Template */ new section

Template:MobileDetect

2024-08-25T13:37:51Z

Johnrdorazio: Created page with "<includeonly><nomobile>{{{1}}}<nomobile><mobileonly>{{{2}}}</mobileonly></includeonly>"

MediaWiki:Common.js

2024-08-25T12:30:21Z

Johnrdorazio:

/**
* Keep code in MediaWiki:Common.js to a minimum as it is unconditionally
* loaded for all users on every wiki page. If possible create a gadget that is
* enabled by default instead of adding it here (since gadgets are fully
* optimized ResourceLoader modules with possibility to add dependencies etc.)
*
* Since Common.js isn't a gadget, there is no place to declare its
* dependencies, so we have to lazy load them with mw.loader.using on demand and
* then execute the rest in the callback. In most cases these dependencies will
* be loaded (or loading) already and the callback will not be delayed. In case a
* dependency hasn't arrived yet it'll make sure those are loaded before this.
*/

console.log('Hello World from Common.js!');

/* global mw, $ */
/* jshint strict:false, browser:true */

mw.loader.using( [ 'mediawiki.util' ] ).done( function () {
/* Begin of mw.loader.using callback */

/**
* Map addPortletLink to mw.util
* @deprecated: Use mw.util.addPortletLink instead.
*/
mw.log.deprecate( window, 'addPortletLink', mw.util.addPortletLink, 'Use mw.util.addPortletLink instead' );

/**
* Test if an element has a certain class
* @deprecated: Use $(element).hasClass() instead.
*/
mw.log.deprecate( window, 'hasClass', function ( element, className ) {
return $( element ).hasClass( className );
}, 'Use jQuery.hasClass() instead' );

/**
* @source www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Snippets/Load_JS_and_CSS_by_URL
* @rev 6
*/
var extraCSS = mw.util.getParamValue( 'withCSS' ),
extraJS = mw.util.getParamValue( 'withJS' );

if ( extraCSS ) {
if ( extraCSS.match( /^MediaWiki:[^&<>=%#]*\.css$/ ) ) {
mw.loader.load( '/w/index.php?title=' + extraCSS + '&action=raw&ctype=text/css', 'text/css' );
} else {
mw.notify( 'Only pages from the MediaWiki namespace are allowed.', { title: 'Invalid withCSS value' } );
}
}

if ( extraJS ) {
if ( extraJS.match( /^MediaWiki:[^&<>=%#]*\.js$/ ) ) {
mw.loader.load( '/w/index.php?title=' + extraJS + '&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript' );
} else {
mw.notify( 'Only pages from the MediaWiki namespace are allowed.', { title: 'Invalid withJS value' } );
}
}

/**
* WikiMiniAtlas
*
* Description: WikiMiniAtlas is a popup click and drag world map.
* This script causes all of our coordinate links to display the WikiMiniAtlas popup button.
* The script itself is located on the Meta-Wiki because it is used by many projects.
* See [[Meta:WikiMiniAtlas]] for more information.
* Note - use of this service is recommended to be replaced with mw:Help:Extension:Kartographer
*/
$( function () {
var requireWikiminiatlas = $( 'a.external.text[href*="geohack"]' ).length || $( 'div.kmldata' ).length;
if ( requireWikiminiatlas ) {
mw.loader.load( '//meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Wikiminiatlas.js&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript' );
}
} );

/**
* Collapsible tables; reimplemented with mw-collapsible
* Styling is also in place to avoid FOUC
*
* Allows tables to be collapsed, showing only the header. See [[Help:Collapsing]].
* @version 3.0.0 (2018-05-20)
* @source https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki:Gadget-collapsibleTables.js
* @author [[User:R. Koot]]
* @author [[User:Krinkle]]
* @author [[User:TheDJ]]
* @deprecated Since MediaWiki 1.20: Use class="mw-collapsible" instead which
* is supported in MediaWiki core. Shimmable since MediaWiki 1.32
*
* @param {jQuery} $content
*/
function makeCollapsibleMwCollapsible( $content ) {
var $tables = $content
.find( 'table.collapsible:not(.mw-collapsible)' )
.addClass( 'mw-collapsible' );

$.each( $tables, function ( index, table ) {
// mw.log.warn( 'This page is using the deprecated class collapsible. Please replace it with mw-collapsible.');
if ( $( table ).hasClass( 'collapsed' ) ) {
$( table ).addClass( 'mw-collapsed' );
// mw.log.warn( 'This page is using the deprecated class collapsed. Please replace it with mw-collapsed.');
}
} );
if ( $tables.length > 0 ) {
mw.loader.using( 'jquery.makeCollapsible' ).then( function () {
$tables.makeCollapsible();
} );
}
}
mw.hook( 'wikipage.content' ).add( makeCollapsibleMwCollapsible );

/**
* Add support to mw-collapsible for autocollapse, innercollapse and outercollapse
*
* Maintainers: TheDJ
*/
function mwCollapsibleSetup( $collapsibleContent ) {
var $element,
$toggle,
autoCollapseThreshold = 2;
$.each( $collapsibleContent, function ( index, element ) {
$element = $( element );
if ( $element.hasClass( 'collapsible' ) ) {
$element.find( 'tr:first > th:first' ).prepend( $element.find( 'tr:first > * > .mw-collapsible-toggle' ) );
}
if ( $collapsibleContent.length >= autoCollapseThreshold && $element.hasClass( 'autocollapse' ) ) {
$element.data( 'mw-collapsible' ).collapse();
} else if ( $element.hasClass( 'innercollapse' ) ) {
if ( $element.parents( '.outercollapse' ).length > 0 ) {
$element.data( 'mw-collapsible' ).collapse();
}
}
// because of colored backgrounds, style the link in the text color
// to ensure accessible contrast
$toggle = $element.find( '.mw-collapsible-toggle' );
if ( $toggle.length ) {
// Make the toggle inherit text color
if ( $toggle.parent()[ 0 ].style.color ) {
$toggle.find( 'a' ).css( 'color', 'inherit' );
}
}
} );
}

mw.hook( 'wikipage.collapsibleContent' ).add( mwCollapsibleSetup );

/**
* Magic editintros ****************************************************
*
* Description: Adds editintros on disambiguation pages and BLP pages.
* Maintainers: [[User:RockMFR]]
*
* @param {string} name
*/
function addEditIntro( name ) {
$( '.mw-editsection, #ca-edit, #ca-ve-edit' ).find( 'a' ).each( function ( i, el ) {
el.href = $( this ).attr( 'href' ) + '&editintro=' + name;
} );
}

if ( mw.config.get( 'wgNamespaceNumber' ) === 0 ) {
$( function () {
if ( document.getElementById( 'disambigbox' ) ) {
addEditIntro( 'Template:Disambig_editintro' );
}
} );

$( function () {
var cats = mw.config.get( 'wgCategories' );
if ( !cats ) {
return;
}
if ( $.inArray( 'Living people', cats ) !== -1 || $.inArray( 'Possibly living people', cats ) !== -1 ) {
addEditIntro( 'Template:BLP_editintro' );
}
} );
}
/* End of mw.loader.using callback */
} );
/* DO NOT ADD CODE BELOW THIS LINE */

MediaWiki:Gadget-MakeMobileCollapsible.js

2024-08-25T10:55:51Z

Johnrdorazio:

MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition

2024-08-25T10:34:36Z

Johnrdorazio:

MediaWiki:Gadget-MakeMobileCollapsible

2024-08-25T10:32:44Z

Johnrdorazio: Created page with "Enable collapsible templates on the mobile site. (source)"

Enable collapsible templates on the mobile site. ([[MediaWiki:Gadget-MakeMobileCollapsible.js|source]])

MediaWiki:Gadget-MakeMobileCollapsible.js

2024-08-25T10:31:57Z

Johnrdorazio: Created page with "// MakeMobileCollapsible, enables collapsible templates/infoboxes on the mobile site. // See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:MakeMobileCollapsible for more information. // This is a spinoff from Factotum. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Alexis_Jazz/Factotum) // MakeMobileCollapsible is public domain, irrevocably released as WTFPL Version 2[www.wtfpl.net/about/] by its author, Alexis Jazz. /*globals $:false,mw:false*/ //<nowiki> let MMCollap = {}; MMCollap.do..."

// MakeMobileCollapsible, enables collapsible templates/infoboxes on the mobile site.
// See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:MakeMobileCollapsible for more information.
// This is a spinoff from Factotum. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Alexis_Jazz/Factotum)
// MakeMobileCollapsible is public domain, irrevocably released as WTFPL Version 2[www.wtfpl.net/about/] by its author, Alexis Jazz.
/*globals $:false,mw:false*/
//<nowiki>
let MMCollap = {};
MMCollap.do = function() {

// Commented out for now, to be revisited later as some people raised potential concerns with providing mobile-only features:
// Allow content to be collapsible only on the mobile site which could be useful as mobile displays are smaller, so the threshold to wish to make something collapsible could be greater
// to achieve this, change "mw-" to "MMC-" in all classes used. Do NOT use custom toggles as they won't be hidden on the desktop site.
// let classes = ['collapsible','collapsed','collapsible-toggle','collapsible-content','collapsible-toggle-placeholder','collapsible-toggle-expanded'];
// if ( $('.MMC-collapsible,.MMC-collapsed')[0] ) {
// for(let int=0; int<classes.length; int++){
// $('.MMC-'+classes[int]).addClass('mw-'+classes[int]);
// }
// }
MMCollap.els = $('.mw-collapsible');
if ( MMCollap.els[0] ) {
if ( MMCollap.els.length > 1 && ( ['enwiki'].indexOf(mw.config.get('wgDBname')) != -1) ) {
$('.autocollapse').addClass('mw-collapsed'); //the "autocollapse" class is handled by code in Common.js on enwiki, but Common.js isn't loaded on mobile.
}
mw.loader.using(['jquery.makeCollapsible']).then( function () {
mw.loader.addStyleTag('.mw-parser-output .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;min-width:6em}');
$(MMCollap.els).makeCollapsible(); //T111565 FTFY
});
}
};
mw.hook( 'wikipage.content' ).add( MMCollap.do ); //make collapsible content collapsible whenever the page is rendered, on load but also e.g. after saving an edit
//</nowiki>

MediaWiki:Mobile.js

2024-08-25T10:26:24Z

Johnrdorazio:

/* Any JavaScript here will be loaded for users using the mobile site */

console.log('Running from Mobile.js');
mw.hook('wikipage.content').add(function() {
console.log('Hello World from Mobile.js');
});
// Commenting out the following line since it should be taken care of by Global.js
//mw.loader.load( '/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki:BibleGet.js&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript' );
//mw.loader.using('mobile.site.styles');
// MakeMobileCollapsible, enables collapsible templates/infoboxes on the mobile site.
// See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:MakeMobileCollapsible for more information.
// This is a spinoff from Factotum. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Alexis_Jazz/Factotum)
// MakeMobileCollapsible is public domain, irrevocably released as WTFPL Version 2[www.wtfpl.net/about/] by its author, Alexis Jazz.
// globals $:false,mw:false
//<nowiki>
/*
let MMCollap = {};
MMCollap.do = function( $content ) {
console.log('MMCollap.do was called');
// Commented out for now, to be revisited later as some people raised potential concerns with providing mobile-only features:
// Allow content to be collapsible only on the mobile site which could be useful as mobile displays are smaller, so the threshold to wish to make something collapsible could be greater
// to achieve this, change "mw-" to "MMC-" in all classes used. Do NOT use custom toggles as they won't be hidden on the desktop site.
// classes = ['collapsible','collapsed','collapsible-toggle','collapsible-content','collapsible-toggle-placeholder','collapsible-toggle-expanded'];
// if ( $('.MMC-collapsible,.MMC-collapsed')[0] ) {
// for(int=0;int<classes.length;int++){
// $('.MMC-'+classes[int]).addClass('mw-'+classes[int]);
// }
// }
MMCollap.modules = [];
MMCollap.els = $content.find( '.mw-collapsible' );
if ( MMCollap.els.length ) {
MMCollap.modules.push( 'jquery.makeCollapsible' );
}
if ( MMCollap.modules.length ) {
console.log('collapsible elements were found');
mw.loader.using( MMCollap.modules ).then( function () {
if ( MMCollap.els && MMCollap.els.length ) {
mw.loader.addStyleTag('.mw-parser-output .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;min-width:6em}');
$(MMCollap.els).makeCollapsible(); //T111565 FTFY
}
});
}
if ( $content[ 0 ] && $content[ 0 ].isConnected === false ) {
mw.log.warn( 'wikipage.content hook should not be fired on unattached content' );
}
};
mw.hook( 'wikipage.content' ).add( MMCollap.do ); //make collapsible content collapsible whenever the page is rendered, on load but also e.g. after saving an edit
//</nowiki>
*/

User talk:Johnrdorazio

2024-08-24T00:42:59Z

Johnrdorazio:

User talk:Johnrdorazio

2024-08-24T00:10:34Z

Johnrdorazio:

== Here's a place to discuss this online encyclopedia with me ==

If you have any questions or need help when creating or editing an article, please feel free to contact me and we can try to work out any issues. Just click on [https://en.seminaverbi.bibleget.io/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Johnrdorazio&action=edit&section=new Add topic] here on top.

== Test Score tag ==

<score sound="1">
{ \new PianoStaff << \new Staff \relative c'' { \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"violin" \clef treble \tempo 8 = 126 \time 3/16 r16 <d c a fis d>\f-! r16\fermata | \time 2/16 r <d c a fis d>-! \time 3/16 r <d c a fis d>8-! | r16 <d c a fis d>8-! | \time 2/8 <d c a fis>16-! <e c bes g>->-![ <cis b aes f>-! <c a fis ees>-!] } \new Staff \relative c { \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"violin" \clef bass \time 3/16 d,16-! <bes'' ees,>-! r\fermata | \time 2/16 <d,, d,>-! <bes'' ees,>-! | \time 3/16 d16-! <ees cis>8-! | r16 <ees cis>8-! | \time 2/8 d16\sf-! <ees cis>-!->[ <d c>-! <d c>-!] } >> }
</score>

== Test Score tag in raw lilypond format, with title ==
<score raw="1" lang="lilypond" sound="1">
\version "2.22.0"

\header {
title = "Maple Leaf Rag"
composer = "Scott Joplin"
piece = "Tempo di marcia"

mutopiatitle = "Maple Leaf Rag"
mutopiacomposer = "JoplinS"
mutopiainstrument = "Piano"
date = "c. 1899"
style = "Jazz"
copyright = "Public Domain"
source = "Reproduction of original edition (1899)"

maintainer = "Chris Sawer"
maintainerEmail = "chris@mutopiaproject.org"
maintainerWeb = "http://cjsawer.whitewillow.co.uk/"
}

\paper {
top-margin = 15
bottom-margin = 10
min-systems-per-page = #4
max-systems-per-page = #5
system-system-spacing.padding = #8
}

top = \relative c' {
\key as \major
\time 2/4
\clef treble
\partial 8
r8 \f |
\repeat volta 2 {
r16 as' <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>4 |
r16 as, <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>8 r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r8 |
\change Staff = "down"
\stemUp r16^\p as,,,-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) \stemNeutral |
\change Staff = "up"
r16 as-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) |
<as as,>8-\mf \< <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> \! es f c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes!> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
<c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> r16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,>8 <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
} \alternative {
{ <c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> r8 }
{ <c es,>16 as <bes es,>8 <as es> r8 }
}

\break

\repeat volta 2 {
r16_\markup {\dynamic f \italic "stacc."} g' <es' es,> g, bes <d d,>8 g,16 |
<des'! des,!> g, bes <c c,> ~ <c c,> es, <bes' bes,> es, |
r c <as' as,> c, es <f f,>8 c16 |
<as' as,> c, es <f f,> ~ <f f,> c <f f,>8 |
r16 es <g g,> bes, des <f f,>8 es16 |
<g g,> bes, des <f f,> ~ <f f,> des <f f,>8 |
r16 c <as' as,> c, es <f f,>8 c16 |
<as' as,> c, es <f f,> ~ <f f,> c <f f,>8 |
r16 g <es' es,> g, bes <d d,>8 g,16 |
<des'! des,!> g, bes <c c,> ~ <c c,> es, <bes' bes,> es, |
r c <as' as,> c, es <f f,>8 c16 |
<as' as,>8 <as as,> <g g,> <ges ges,> |
r16 f, a c f c a f |
r f bes des <f f,>8 <des bes f> |
<c as f d> r16 <c as f d> r <bes des,>8 es,16 |
} \alternative {
{ <as c,>8 <es' es,> <es es,> <es es,> }
{ r16 as, c es <as as,>8 r }
}

r16-\f as, <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>4 |
r16 as, <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>8 r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r8 |
\change Staff = "down"
\stemUp r16^\p as,,,-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) \stemNeutral |
\change Staff = "up"
r16 as-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) |
<as as,>8-\mf \< <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> \! es f c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes!> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
<c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> r16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,>8 <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
<c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> <as' as,> |

\key des \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<as es c as>8.^\markup {\large "TRIO"} <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes8 |
<as' es c as>8. <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes <es c> |
as, des bes des f as, des f |
bes, des f as, ~ as f' bes, f' |
<as es c as>8. <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes8 |
<as' es c as>8. <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes <es c> |
as, des bes des f as, des f |
bes, des f as, ~ as f' a, <f' es> |
<bes f d bes>8. <bes f d c>16 ~ <bes f d c>16 <f d> c8 |
<bes' f d bes>8. <bes f d c>16 ~ <bes f d c>16 <f d> c <f d> |
r es <bes' bes,> es, ges <c c,>8 es,16 |
<bes' bes,> es, ges <c c,> ~ <c c,> es, <bes' bes,>8 |
<des fes, des> <des fes, des> <c fes, c> <bes fes bes,> |
<f! as,>16 des es <ges bes,> ~ <ges bes,> bes, <f' as,>8 |
<f g,>16 des es <f ges,> ~ <f ges,> c <es ges,> <des f,> ~ |
} \alternative {
{ <des f,>16 <as' as,>8 f16 <as as,> f <as as,> f }
{ <des f,>16 des f as <des des,>8 r }
}

\break

\key as \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<as as,> <f as,> <as as,> <f as,> |
<as f> <bes f>16 <c f,> ~ <c f,> bes as f |
es f8 <c as>16 ~ <c as>4 |
r16 es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 c16 |
<es g,>8 f16 <bes, g> ~ <bes g>4 |
r16 des <f g,> bes, des <f g,>8 <c as>16 ~ |
<c as> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <c as>16 ~ |
<c as> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 es16 |
<as as,>8 <f as,> <as as,> <f as,> |
<as f> <bes f>16 <c f,> ~ <c f,> bes as f |
as8 f es16 as8 <c, as>16 ~ |
<c as> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <as, f>16 ~ |
<as f> bes <as f>8 <as fes> <bes fes>16 <as es> ~ |
<as es> bes <c es,> as bes <c es,>8 <as d,>16 ~ |
<as d,!> bes <c d,> as r <bes des,>8 es,16 |
} \alternative {
{ <as c,>8 <es' es,> <es es,> <es es,> }
{ <as, c,> <es' des g,> <as es c as> }
}

\bar "|."
}

bottom = \relative c {
\key as \major
\time 2/4
\clef bass
\partial 8
<es es,>8 |
\repeat volta 2 {
<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 <es es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 r |
\stemDown as,, r as' r \stemNeutral |
as' r as' r \clef treble |
<b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
<c as es> <des g, es> <c as> r \clef bass |
<b, as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
} \alternative {
{ <c as es> <des g, es> <c as> <es, es,> }
{ <c' as es> <des g, es> <c as> <a a,> }
}

\repeat volta 2 {
<bes bes,>8 <des g, es> <es, es,> <des' g, es> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <g g,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <c as es> <as as,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <des' g, es> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <bes bes,> <b b,> |
<c c,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <c as es> <as as,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <des' g, es> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <g g,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <as as,> <g g,> <ges ges,> |
<f f,> <f f,> <a a,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des bes f> <des bes f> <des bes f> |
<bes f bes,> <bes f bes,> <es, es,> <g g,> |
} \alternative {
{ <as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> }
{ <as as,> <es' c as> <es c as> <es, es,> }
}

<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 <es es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 r |
\stemDown as,, r as' r \stemNeutral |
as' r as' r \clef treble |
<b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
<c as es> <des g, es> <c as> r \clef bass |
<b, as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
<c as es> <des g, es> <c as> r |

\key des \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<es, es,> <ges' c, as> <ges, ges,> <ges' c, as> |
<f, f,> <ges' c, as> <es, es,> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f' des as> <as, as,> <f' des as> |
<f, f,> <f' des as> <des, des,> <d d,> |
<es es,> <ges' c, as> <ges, ges,> <ges' c, as> |
<f, f,> <ges' c, as> <es, es,> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f' des as> <as, as,> <f' des as> |
<f, f,> <f' des as> <des, des,> <c c,> |
<bes bes,> <as'' d, bes> <d,, d,> <as'' d, bes> |
<f, f,> <as' d, bes> <bes, bes,> <as' d, bes> |
<es, es,> <ges' es bes> <ges, ges,> <ges' es bes> |
<es, es,> <ges' es bes> <ges, ges,> <ges' es bes> |
g,16 bes8 des16 fes des bes g |
<as as,>8 <f'! des as> bes,, <d' bes as> |
<des! bes es,> <des bes es,> <c as> <c as> |
} \alternative {
{ <des des,> <f des as> <f des as> <d, d,> }
{ <des' des,> <as as,> <des, des,> <c' c,> }
}

\key as \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<des des,> <f des as> <f des as> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f des as> <bes, bes,> <b b,> |
<c c,> <es c as> <es c as> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <g g,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <c as es> <bes bes,> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f des as> <f des as> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f des as> <bes, bes,> <b b,> |
<c c,> <es c as> <es c as> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<des, des,> <des des,> <bes bes,> <d d,> |
<es es,> <c' as es> <es, es,> <e e,> |
<f f,> <f f,> <g g,> <g g,> |
} \alternative {
{ <as as,> <c as es> <bes bes,> <c c,> }
{ <as as,> <es es,> <as, as,> }
}

\bar "|."
}

\score {
\context PianoStaff <<
\context Staff = "up"
\top
\context Staff = "down"
\bottom
>>

\layout {}

}

\score {
\context PianoStaff <<
\context Staff = "up"
\unfoldRepeats \top
\context Staff = "down"
\unfoldRepeats \bottom
>>

\midi {
\tempo 4 = 120
\context {
\Voice
\remove Dynamic_performer
}
}
}
</score>

== Test syntax highlighting ==

'''Javascript:'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="js" line>
let jsV = "Javascript variable";
let jsObj = {
item: "First item"
}
</syntaxhighlight>

'''PHP'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="php" line>
$myVar = "PHP variable";
$myVarUpper = strtoupper($myVar);
</syntaxhighlight>

'''LUA'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>
-- defines a factorial function
function fact (n)
if n == 0 then
return 1
else
return n * fact(n-1)
end
end

print("enter a number:")
a = io.read("*number") -- read a number
print(fact(a))
</syntaxhighlight>

User talk:Johnrdorazio

2024-08-23T23:35:44Z

Johnrdorazio:

== Here's a place to discuss this online encyclopedia with me ==

If you have any questions or need help when creating or editing an article, please feel free to contact me and we can try to work out any issues. Just click on [https://en.seminaverbi.bibleget.io/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Johnrdorazio&action=edit&section=new Add topic] here on top.

== Test audio player ==

[[File:Twelve bar boogie-woogie blues in C.mid]]

== Test Score tag ==

<score sound="1">
{ \new PianoStaff << \new Staff \relative c'' { \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"violin" \clef treble \tempo 8 = 126 \time 3/16 r16 <d c a fis d>\f-! r16\fermata | \time 2/16 r <d c a fis d>-! \time 3/16 r <d c a fis d>8-! | r16 <d c a fis d>8-! | \time 2/8 <d c a fis>16-! <e c bes g>->-![ <cis b aes f>-! <c a fis ees>-!] } \new Staff \relative c { \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"violin" \clef bass \time 3/16 d,16-! <bes'' ees,>-! r\fermata | \time 2/16 <d,, d,>-! <bes'' ees,>-! | \time 3/16 d16-! <ees cis>8-! | r16 <ees cis>8-! | \time 2/8 d16\sf-! <ees cis>-!->[ <d c>-! <d c>-!] } >> }
</score>

== Test Score tag in raw lilypond format, with title ==
<score raw="1" lang="lilypond" sound="1">
\version "2.22.0"

\header {
title = "Maple Leaf Rag"
composer = "Scott Joplin"
piece = "Tempo di marcia"

mutopiatitle = "Maple Leaf Rag"
mutopiacomposer = "JoplinS"
mutopiainstrument = "Piano"
date = "c. 1899"
style = "Jazz"
copyright = "Public Domain"
source = "Reproduction of original edition (1899)"

maintainer = "Chris Sawer"
maintainerEmail = "chris@mutopiaproject.org"
maintainerWeb = "http://cjsawer.whitewillow.co.uk/"
}

\paper {
top-margin = 15
bottom-margin = 10
min-systems-per-page = #4
max-systems-per-page = #5
system-system-spacing.padding = #8
}

top = \relative c' {
\key as \major
\time 2/4
\clef treble
\partial 8
r8 \f |
\repeat volta 2 {
r16 as' <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>4 |
r16 as, <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>8 r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r8 |
\change Staff = "down"
\stemUp r16^\p as,,,-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) \stemNeutral |
\change Staff = "up"
r16 as-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) |
<as as,>8-\mf \< <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> \! es f c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes!> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
<c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> r16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,>8 <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
} \alternative {
{ <c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> r8 }
{ <c es,>16 as <bes es,>8 <as es> r8 }
}

\break

\repeat volta 2 {
r16_\markup {\dynamic f \italic "stacc."} g' <es' es,> g, bes <d d,>8 g,16 |
<des'! des,!> g, bes <c c,> ~ <c c,> es, <bes' bes,> es, |
r c <as' as,> c, es <f f,>8 c16 |
<as' as,> c, es <f f,> ~ <f f,> c <f f,>8 |
r16 es <g g,> bes, des <f f,>8 es16 |
<g g,> bes, des <f f,> ~ <f f,> des <f f,>8 |
r16 c <as' as,> c, es <f f,>8 c16 |
<as' as,> c, es <f f,> ~ <f f,> c <f f,>8 |
r16 g <es' es,> g, bes <d d,>8 g,16 |
<des'! des,!> g, bes <c c,> ~ <c c,> es, <bes' bes,> es, |
r c <as' as,> c, es <f f,>8 c16 |
<as' as,>8 <as as,> <g g,> <ges ges,> |
r16 f, a c f c a f |
r f bes des <f f,>8 <des bes f> |
<c as f d> r16 <c as f d> r <bes des,>8 es,16 |
} \alternative {
{ <as c,>8 <es' es,> <es es,> <es es,> }
{ r16 as, c es <as as,>8 r }
}

r16-\f as, <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>4 |
r16 as, <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>8 r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r8 |
\change Staff = "down"
\stemUp r16^\p as,,,-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) \stemNeutral |
\change Staff = "up"
r16 as-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) |
<as as,>8-\mf \< <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> \! es f c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes!> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
<c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> r16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,>8 <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
<c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> <as' as,> |

\key des \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<as es c as>8.^\markup {\large "TRIO"} <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes8 |
<as' es c as>8. <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes <es c> |
as, des bes des f as, des f |
bes, des f as, ~ as f' bes, f' |
<as es c as>8. <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes8 |
<as' es c as>8. <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes <es c> |
as, des bes des f as, des f |
bes, des f as, ~ as f' a, <f' es> |
<bes f d bes>8. <bes f d c>16 ~ <bes f d c>16 <f d> c8 |
<bes' f d bes>8. <bes f d c>16 ~ <bes f d c>16 <f d> c <f d> |
r es <bes' bes,> es, ges <c c,>8 es,16 |
<bes' bes,> es, ges <c c,> ~ <c c,> es, <bes' bes,>8 |
<des fes, des> <des fes, des> <c fes, c> <bes fes bes,> |
<f! as,>16 des es <ges bes,> ~ <ges bes,> bes, <f' as,>8 |
<f g,>16 des es <f ges,> ~ <f ges,> c <es ges,> <des f,> ~ |
} \alternative {
{ <des f,>16 <as' as,>8 f16 <as as,> f <as as,> f }
{ <des f,>16 des f as <des des,>8 r }
}

\break

\key as \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<as as,> <f as,> <as as,> <f as,> |
<as f> <bes f>16 <c f,> ~ <c f,> bes as f |
es f8 <c as>16 ~ <c as>4 |
r16 es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 c16 |
<es g,>8 f16 <bes, g> ~ <bes g>4 |
r16 des <f g,> bes, des <f g,>8 <c as>16 ~ |
<c as> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <c as>16 ~ |
<c as> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 es16 |
<as as,>8 <f as,> <as as,> <f as,> |
<as f> <bes f>16 <c f,> ~ <c f,> bes as f |
as8 f es16 as8 <c, as>16 ~ |
<c as> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <as, f>16 ~ |
<as f> bes <as f>8 <as fes> <bes fes>16 <as es> ~ |
<as es> bes <c es,> as bes <c es,>8 <as d,>16 ~ |
<as d,!> bes <c d,> as r <bes des,>8 es,16 |
} \alternative {
{ <as c,>8 <es' es,> <es es,> <es es,> }
{ <as, c,> <es' des g,> <as es c as> }
}

\bar "|."
}

bottom = \relative c {
\key as \major
\time 2/4
\clef bass
\partial 8
<es es,>8 |
\repeat volta 2 {
<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 <es es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 r |
\stemDown as,, r as' r \stemNeutral |
as' r as' r \clef treble |
<b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
<c as es> <des g, es> <c as> r \clef bass |
<b, as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
} \alternative {
{ <c as es> <des g, es> <c as> <es, es,> }
{ <c' as es> <des g, es> <c as> <a a,> }
}

\repeat volta 2 {
<bes bes,>8 <des g, es> <es, es,> <des' g, es> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <g g,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <c as es> <as as,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <des' g, es> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <bes bes,> <b b,> |
<c c,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <c as es> <as as,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <des' g, es> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <g g,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <as as,> <g g,> <ges ges,> |
<f f,> <f f,> <a a,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des bes f> <des bes f> <des bes f> |
<bes f bes,> <bes f bes,> <es, es,> <g g,> |
} \alternative {
{ <as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> }
{ <as as,> <es' c as> <es c as> <es, es,> }
}

<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 <es es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 r |
\stemDown as,, r as' r \stemNeutral |
as' r as' r \clef treble |
<b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
<c as es> <des g, es> <c as> r \clef bass |
<b, as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
<c as es> <des g, es> <c as> r |

\key des \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<es, es,> <ges' c, as> <ges, ges,> <ges' c, as> |
<f, f,> <ges' c, as> <es, es,> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f' des as> <as, as,> <f' des as> |
<f, f,> <f' des as> <des, des,> <d d,> |
<es es,> <ges' c, as> <ges, ges,> <ges' c, as> |
<f, f,> <ges' c, as> <es, es,> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f' des as> <as, as,> <f' des as> |
<f, f,> <f' des as> <des, des,> <c c,> |
<bes bes,> <as'' d, bes> <d,, d,> <as'' d, bes> |
<f, f,> <as' d, bes> <bes, bes,> <as' d, bes> |
<es, es,> <ges' es bes> <ges, ges,> <ges' es bes> |
<es, es,> <ges' es bes> <ges, ges,> <ges' es bes> |
g,16 bes8 des16 fes des bes g |
<as as,>8 <f'! des as> bes,, <d' bes as> |
<des! bes es,> <des bes es,> <c as> <c as> |
} \alternative {
{ <des des,> <f des as> <f des as> <d, d,> }
{ <des' des,> <as as,> <des, des,> <c' c,> }
}

\key as \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<des des,> <f des as> <f des as> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f des as> <bes, bes,> <b b,> |
<c c,> <es c as> <es c as> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <g g,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <c as es> <bes bes,> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f des as> <f des as> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f des as> <bes, bes,> <b b,> |
<c c,> <es c as> <es c as> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<des, des,> <des des,> <bes bes,> <d d,> |
<es es,> <c' as es> <es, es,> <e e,> |
<f f,> <f f,> <g g,> <g g,> |
} \alternative {
{ <as as,> <c as es> <bes bes,> <c c,> }
{ <as as,> <es es,> <as, as,> }
}

\bar "|."
}

\score {
\context PianoStaff <<
\context Staff = "up"
\top
\context Staff = "down"
\bottom
>>

\layout {}

}

\score {
\context PianoStaff <<
\context Staff = "up"
\unfoldRepeats \top
\context Staff = "down"
\unfoldRepeats \bottom
>>

\midi {
\tempo 4 = 120
\context {
\Voice
\remove Dynamic_performer
}
}
}
</score>

== Test syntax highlighting ==

'''Javascript:'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="js" line>
let jsV = "Javascript variable";
let jsObj = {
item: "First item"
}
</syntaxhighlight>

'''PHP'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="php" line>
$myVar = "PHP variable";
$myVarUpper = strtoupper($myVar);
</syntaxhighlight>

'''LUA'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>
-- defines a factorial function
function fact (n)
if n == 0 then
return 1
else
return n * fact(n-1)
end
end

print("enter a number:")
a = io.read("*number") -- read a number
print(fact(a))
</syntaxhighlight>

User talk:Johnrdorazio

2024-08-23T23:24:55Z

Johnrdorazio: /* Test Score tag in raw lilypond format, with title */

== Here's a place to discuss this online encyclopedia with me ==

If you have any questions or need help when creating or editing an article, please feel free to contact me and we can try to work out any issues. Just click on [https://en.seminaverbi.bibleget.io/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Johnrdorazio&action=edit&section=new Add topic] here on top.

== Test audio player ==

[[File:Twelve bar boogie-woogie blues in C.mid]]

== Test Score tag ==

<score sound="1">
{ \new PianoStaff << \new Staff \relative c'' { \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"violin" \clef treble \tempo 8 = 126 \time 3/16 r16 <d c a fis d>\f-! r16\fermata | \time 2/16 r <d c a fis d>-! \time 3/16 r <d c a fis d>8-! | r16 <d c a fis d>8-! | \time 2/8 <d c a fis>16-! <e c bes g>->-![ <cis b aes f>-! <c a fis ees>-!] } \new Staff \relative c { \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"violin" \clef bass \time 3/16 d,16-! <bes'' ees,>-! r\fermata | \time 2/16 <d,, d,>-! <bes'' ees,>-! | \time 3/16 d16-! <ees cis>8-! | r16 <ees cis>8-! | \time 2/8 d16\sf-! <ees cis>-!->[ <d c>-! <d c>-!] } >> }
</score>

== Test Score tag in raw lilypond format, with title ==
<score raw="1" lang="lilypond" sound="1">
\version "2.22.0"

\header {
title = "Maple Leaf Rag"
composer = "Scott Joplin"
piece = "Tempo di marcia"

mutopiatitle = "Maple Leaf Rag"
mutopiacomposer = "JoplinS"
mutopiainstrument = "Piano"
date = "c. 1899"
style = "Jazz"
copyright = "Public Domain"
source = "Reproduction of original edition (1899)"

maintainer = "Chris Sawer"
maintainerEmail = "chris@mutopiaproject.org"
maintainerWeb = "http://cjsawer.whitewillow.co.uk/"
}

\paper {
top-margin = 15
bottom-margin = 10
min-systems-per-page = #4
max-systems-per-page = #5
system-system-spacing.padding = #8
}

top = \relative c' {
\key as \major
\time 2/4
\clef treble
\partial 8
r8 \f |
\repeat volta 2 {
r16 as' <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>4 |
r16 as, <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>8 r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r8 |
\change Staff = "down"
\stemUp r16^\p as,,,-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) \stemNeutral |
\change Staff = "up"
r16 as-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) |
<as as,>8-\mf \< <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> \! es f c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes!> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
<c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> r16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,>8 <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
} \alternative {
{ <c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> r8 }
{ <c es,>16 as <bes es,>8 <as es> r8 }
}

\break

\repeat volta 2 {
r16_\markup {\dynamic f \italic "stacc."} g' <es' es,> g, bes <d d,>8 g,16 |
<des'! des,!> g, bes <c c,> ~ <c c,> es, <bes' bes,> es, |
r c <as' as,> c, es <f f,>8 c16 |
<as' as,> c, es <f f,> ~ <f f,> c <f f,>8 |
r16 es <g g,> bes, des <f f,>8 es16 |
<g g,> bes, des <f f,> ~ <f f,> des <f f,>8 |
r16 c <as' as,> c, es <f f,>8 c16 |
<as' as,> c, es <f f,> ~ <f f,> c <f f,>8 |
r16 g <es' es,> g, bes <d d,>8 g,16 |
<des'! des,!> g, bes <c c,> ~ <c c,> es, <bes' bes,> es, |
r c <as' as,> c, es <f f,>8 c16 |
<as' as,>8 <as as,> <g g,> <ges ges,> |
r16 f, a c f c a f |
r f bes des <f f,>8 <des bes f> |
<c as f d> r16 <c as f d> r <bes des,>8 es,16 |
} \alternative {
{ <as c,>8 <es' es,> <es es,> <es es,> }
{ r16 as, c es <as as,>8 r }
}

r16-\f as, <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>4 |
r16 as, <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>8 r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r8 |
\change Staff = "down"
\stemUp r16^\p as,,,-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) \stemNeutral |
\change Staff = "up"
r16 as-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) |
<as as,>8-\mf \< <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> \! es f c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes!> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
<c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> r16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,>8 <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
<c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> <as' as,> |

\key des \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<as es c as>8.^\markup {\large "TRIO"} <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes8 |
<as' es c as>8. <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes <es c> |
as, des bes des f as, des f |
bes, des f as, ~ as f' bes, f' |
<as es c as>8. <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes8 |
<as' es c as>8. <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes <es c> |
as, des bes des f as, des f |
bes, des f as, ~ as f' a, <f' es> |
<bes f d bes>8. <bes f d c>16 ~ <bes f d c>16 <f d> c8 |
<bes' f d bes>8. <bes f d c>16 ~ <bes f d c>16 <f d> c <f d> |
r es <bes' bes,> es, ges <c c,>8 es,16 |
<bes' bes,> es, ges <c c,> ~ <c c,> es, <bes' bes,>8 |
<des fes, des> <des fes, des> <c fes, c> <bes fes bes,> |
<f! as,>16 des es <ges bes,> ~ <ges bes,> bes, <f' as,>8 |
<f g,>16 des es <f ges,> ~ <f ges,> c <es ges,> <des f,> ~ |
} \alternative {
{ <des f,>16 <as' as,>8 f16 <as as,> f <as as,> f }
{ <des f,>16 des f as <des des,>8 r }
}

\break

\key as \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<as as,> <f as,> <as as,> <f as,> |
<as f> <bes f>16 <c f,> ~ <c f,> bes as f |
es f8 <c as>16 ~ <c as>4 |
r16 es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 c16 |
<es g,>8 f16 <bes, g> ~ <bes g>4 |
r16 des <f g,> bes, des <f g,>8 <c as>16 ~ |
<c as> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <c as>16 ~ |
<c as> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 es16 |
<as as,>8 <f as,> <as as,> <f as,> |
<as f> <bes f>16 <c f,> ~ <c f,> bes as f |
as8 f es16 as8 <c, as>16 ~ |
<c as> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <as, f>16 ~ |
<as f> bes <as f>8 <as fes> <bes fes>16 <as es> ~ |
<as es> bes <c es,> as bes <c es,>8 <as d,>16 ~ |
<as d,!> bes <c d,> as r <bes des,>8 es,16 |
} \alternative {
{ <as c,>8 <es' es,> <es es,> <es es,> }
{ <as, c,> <es' des g,> <as es c as> }
}

\bar "|."
}

bottom = \relative c {
\key as \major
\time 2/4
\clef bass
\partial 8
<es es,>8 |
\repeat volta 2 {
<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 <es es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 r |
\stemDown as,, r as' r \stemNeutral |
as' r as' r \clef treble |
<b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
<c as es> <des g, es> <c as> r \clef bass |
<b, as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
} \alternative {
{ <c as es> <des g, es> <c as> <es, es,> }
{ <c' as es> <des g, es> <c as> <a a,> }
}

\repeat volta 2 {
<bes bes,>8 <des g, es> <es, es,> <des' g, es> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <g g,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <c as es> <as as,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <des' g, es> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <bes bes,> <b b,> |
<c c,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <c as es> <as as,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <des' g, es> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <g g,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <as as,> <g g,> <ges ges,> |
<f f,> <f f,> <a a,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des bes f> <des bes f> <des bes f> |
<bes f bes,> <bes f bes,> <es, es,> <g g,> |
} \alternative {
{ <as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> }
{ <as as,> <es' c as> <es c as> <es, es,> }
}

<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 <es es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 r |
\stemDown as,, r as' r \stemNeutral |
as' r as' r \clef treble |
<b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
<c as es> <des g, es> <c as> r \clef bass |
<b, as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
<c as es> <des g, es> <c as> r |

\key des \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<es, es,> <ges' c, as> <ges, ges,> <ges' c, as> |
<f, f,> <ges' c, as> <es, es,> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f' des as> <as, as,> <f' des as> |
<f, f,> <f' des as> <des, des,> <d d,> |
<es es,> <ges' c, as> <ges, ges,> <ges' c, as> |
<f, f,> <ges' c, as> <es, es,> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f' des as> <as, as,> <f' des as> |
<f, f,> <f' des as> <des, des,> <c c,> |
<bes bes,> <as'' d, bes> <d,, d,> <as'' d, bes> |
<f, f,> <as' d, bes> <bes, bes,> <as' d, bes> |
<es, es,> <ges' es bes> <ges, ges,> <ges' es bes> |
<es, es,> <ges' es bes> <ges, ges,> <ges' es bes> |
g,16 bes8 des16 fes des bes g |
<as as,>8 <f'! des as> bes,, <d' bes as> |
<des! bes es,> <des bes es,> <c as> <c as> |
} \alternative {
{ <des des,> <f des as> <f des as> <d, d,> }
{ <des' des,> <as as,> <des, des,> <c' c,> }
}

\key as \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<des des,> <f des as> <f des as> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f des as> <bes, bes,> <b b,> |
<c c,> <es c as> <es c as> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <g g,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <c as es> <bes bes,> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f des as> <f des as> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f des as> <bes, bes,> <b b,> |
<c c,> <es c as> <es c as> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<des, des,> <des des,> <bes bes,> <d d,> |
<es es,> <c' as es> <es, es,> <e e,> |
<f f,> <f f,> <g g,> <g g,> |
} \alternative {
{ <as as,> <c as es> <bes bes,> <c c,> }
{ <as as,> <es es,> <as, as,> }
}

\bar "|."
}

\score {
\context PianoStaff <<
\context Staff = "up"
\top
\context Staff = "down"
\bottom
>>

\layout {}

}

\score {
\context PianoStaff <<
\context Staff = "up"
\unfoldRepeats \top
\context Staff = "down"
\unfoldRepeats \bottom
>>

\midi {
\tempo 4 = 120
\context {
\Voice
\remove Dynamic_performer
}
}
}
</score>

== Test syntax highlighting ==

'''Javascript:'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="js" line>
let jsV = "Javascript variable";
let jsObj = {
item: "First item"
}
</syntaxhighlight>

'''PHP'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="php" line>
$myVar = "PHP variable";
$myVarUpper = strtoupper($myVar);
</syntaxhighlight>

'''LUA'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>
-- defines a factorial function
function fact (n)
if n == 0 then
return 1
else
return n * fact(n-1)
end
end

print("enter a number:")
a = io.read("*number") -- read a number
print(fact(a))
</syntaxhighlight>

User talk:Johnrdorazio

2024-08-23T22:51:47Z

Johnrdorazio: /* Test Score tag in raw lilypond format, with title */

== Here's a place to discuss this online encyclopedia with me ==

If you have any questions or need help when creating or editing an article, please feel free to contact me and we can try to work out any issues. Just click on [https://en.seminaverbi.bibleget.io/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Johnrdorazio&action=edit&section=new Add topic] here on top.

== Test audio player ==

[[File:Twelve bar boogie-woogie blues in C.mid]]

== Test Score tag ==

<score sound="1">
{ \new PianoStaff << \new Staff \relative c'' { \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"violin" \clef treble \tempo 8 = 126 \time 3/16 r16 <d c a fis d>\f-! r16\fermata | \time 2/16 r <d c a fis d>-! \time 3/16 r <d c a fis d>8-! | r16 <d c a fis d>8-! | \time 2/8 <d c a fis>16-! <e c bes g>->-![ <cis b aes f>-! <c a fis ees>-!] } \new Staff \relative c { \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"violin" \clef bass \time 3/16 d,16-! <bes'' ees,>-! r\fermata | \time 2/16 <d,, d,>-! <bes'' ees,>-! | \time 3/16 d16-! <ees cis>8-! | r16 <ees cis>8-! | \time 2/8 d16\sf-! <ees cis>-!->[ <d c>-! <d c>-!] } >> }
</score>

== Test Score tag in raw lilypond format, with title ==
<score raw="1" lang="lilypond" sound="1">
\version "2.22.0"

\header {
title = "Maple Leaf Rag"
composer = "Scott Joplin"
piece = "Tempo di marcia"

mutopiatitle = "Maple Leaf Rag"
mutopiacomposer = "JoplinS"
mutopiainstrument = "Piano"
date = "c. 1899"
style = "Jazz"
copyright = "Public Domain"
source = "Reproduction of original edition (1899)"

maintainer = "Chris Sawer"
maintainerEmail = "chris@mutopiaproject.org"
maintainerWeb = "http://cjsawer.whitewillow.co.uk/"

footer = "Mutopia-2011/11/13-23"
tagline = \markup { \override #'(box-padding . 1.0) \override #'(baseline-skip . 2.7) \box \center-column { \small \line { Sheet music from \with-url "http://www.MutopiaProject.org" \line { \teeny www. \hspace #-0.5 MutopiaProject \hspace #-0.5 \teeny .org \hspace #0.5 } â€¢ \hspace #0.5 \italic Free to download, with the \italic freedom to distribute, modify and perform. } \line { \small \line { Typeset using \with-url "http://www.LilyPond.org" \line { \teeny www. \hspace #-0.5 LilyPond \hspace #-0.5 \teeny .org } by \maintainer \hspace #-0.6 . \hspace #0.5 Reference: \footer } } \line { \teeny \line { This sheet music has been placed in the public domain by the typesetter, for details see: \hspace #-0.5 \with-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain" http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain } } } }
}

\paper {
top-margin = 15
bottom-margin = 10
min-systems-per-page = #4
max-systems-per-page = #5
system-system-spacing.padding = #8
}

top = \relative c' {
\override TextScript.padding = #2

\key as \major
\time 2/4
\clef treble
\partial 8
r8 \f |
\repeat volta 2 {
r16 as' <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>4 |
r16 as, <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>8 r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r8 |
\change Staff = "down"
\stemUp r16^\p as,,,-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) \stemNeutral |
\change Staff = "up"
r16 as-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) |
<as as,>8-\mf \< <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> \! es f c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes!> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
<c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> r16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,>8 <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
} \alternative {
{ <c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> r8 }
{ <c es,>16 as <bes es,>8 <as es> r8 }
}

\break

\repeat volta 2 {
r16_\markup {\dynamic f \italic "stacc."} g' <es' es,> g, bes <d d,>8 g,16 |
<des'! des,!> g, bes <c c,> ~ <c c,> es, <bes' bes,> es, |
r c <as' as,> c, es <f f,>8 c16 |
<as' as,> c, es <f f,> ~ <f f,> c <f f,>8 |
r16 es <g g,> bes, des <f f,>8 es16 |
<g g,> bes, des <f f,> ~ <f f,> des <f f,>8 |
r16 c <as' as,> c, es <f f,>8 c16 |
<as' as,> c, es <f f,> ~ <f f,> c <f f,>8 |
r16 g <es' es,> g, bes <d d,>8 g,16 |
<des'! des,!> g, bes <c c,> ~ <c c,> es, <bes' bes,> es, |
r c <as' as,> c, es <f f,>8 c16 |
<as' as,>8 <as as,> <g g,> <ges ges,> |
r16 f, a c f c a f |
r f bes des <f f,>8 <des bes f> |
<c as f d> r16 <c as f d> r <bes des,>8 es,16 |
} \alternative {
{ <as c,>8 <es' es,> <es es,> <es es,> }
{ r16 as, c es <as as,>8 r }
}

r16-\f as, <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>4 |
r16 as, <es' es,> as, c <es es,>8 g,16 |
<es' es,>16 g, bes <es es,> ~ <es es,>8 r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r16 <es es,> |
r16 as, ces <fes fes,> r16 <es es,> r8 |
\change Staff = "down"
\stemUp r16^\p as,,,-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) \stemNeutral |
\change Staff = "up"
r16 as-( ces as'-) r as-( ces as'-) |
<as as,>8-\mf \< <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> \! es f c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes!> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
<c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> r16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,>8 <as as,> <as as,> <as as,>16 <as as,> ~ |
<as as,> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <as, fes>16 ~ |
<as fes> bes <ces fes,> as bes <c es,>8 as16 |
<c es,> as <bes es,>8 <as es> <as' as,> |

\key des \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<as es c as>8.^\markup {\large "TRIO"} <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes8 |
<as' es c as>8. <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes <es c> |
as, des bes des f as, des f |
bes, des f as, ~ as f' bes, f' |
<as es c as>8. <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes8 |
<as' es c as>8. <as es c bes>16 ~ <as es c bes>16 <es c> bes <es c> |
as, des bes des f as, des f |
bes, des f as, ~ as f' a, <f' es> |
<bes f d bes>8. <bes f d c>16 ~ <bes f d c>16 <f d> c8 |
<bes' f d bes>8. <bes f d c>16 ~ <bes f d c>16 <f d> c <f d> |
r es <bes' bes,> es, ges <c c,>8 es,16 |
<bes' bes,> es, ges <c c,> ~ <c c,> es, <bes' bes,>8 |
<des fes, des> <des fes, des> <c fes, c> <bes fes bes,> |
<f! as,>16 des es <ges bes,> ~ <ges bes,> bes, <f' as,>8 |
<f g,>16 des es <f ges,> ~ <f ges,> c <es ges,> <des f,> ~ |
} \alternative {
{ <des f,>16 <as' as,>8 f16 <as as,> f <as as,> f }
{ <des f,>16 des f as <des des,>8 r }
}

\break

\key as \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<as as,> <f as,> <as as,> <f as,> |
<as f> <bes f>16 <c f,> ~ <c f,> bes as f |
es f8 <c as>16 ~ <c as>4 |
r16 es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 c16 |
<es g,>8 f16 <bes, g> ~ <bes g>4 |
r16 des <f g,> bes, des <f g,>8 <c as>16 ~ |
<c as> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <c as>16 ~ |
<c as> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 es16 |
<as as,>8 <f as,> <as as,> <f as,> |
<as f> <bes f>16 <c f,> ~ <c f,> bes as f |
as8 f es16 as8 <c, as>16 ~ |
<c as> es <f as,> c es <f as,>8 <as, f>16 ~ |
<as f> bes <as f>8 <as fes> <bes fes>16 <as es> ~ |
<as es> bes <c es,> as bes <c es,>8 <as d,>16 ~ |
<as d,!> bes <c d,> as r <bes des,>8 es,16 |
} \alternative {
{ <as c,>8 <es' es,> <es es,> <es es,> }
{ <as, c,> <es' des g,> <as es c as> }
}

\bar "|."
}

bottom = \relative c {
\key as \major
\time 2/4
\clef bass
\partial 8
<es es,>8 |
\repeat volta 2 {
<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 <es es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 r |
\stemDown as,, r as' r \stemNeutral |
as' r as' r \clef treble |
<b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
<c as es> <des g, es> <c as> r \clef bass |
<b, as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
} \alternative {
{ <c as es> <des g, es> <c as> <es, es,> }
{ <c' as es> <des g, es> <c as> <a a,> }
}

\repeat volta 2 {
<bes bes,>8 <des g, es> <es, es,> <des' g, es> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <g g,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <c as es> <as as,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <des' g, es> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <bes bes,> <b b,> |
<c c,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <c as es> <as as,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <des' g, es> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <g g,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <as as,> <g g,> <ges ges,> |
<f f,> <f f,> <a a,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des bes f> <des bes f> <des bes f> |
<bes f bes,> <bes f bes,> <es, es,> <g g,> |
} \alternative {
{ <as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> }
{ <as as,> <es' c as> <es c as> <es, es,> }
}

<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <c as es> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <des g, es> <es, es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 <es es,> |
<fes fes,>4 <es es,>8 r |
\stemDown as,, r as' r \stemNeutral |
as' r as' r \clef treble |
<b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
<c as es> <des g, es> <c as> r \clef bass |
<b, as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> <b as f d> |
<c as es> <c as es> <c as es> <c as es> |
<ces as fes> <ces as fes> <c as es> <c as es> |
<c as es> <des g, es> <c as> r |

\key des \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<es, es,> <ges' c, as> <ges, ges,> <ges' c, as> |
<f, f,> <ges' c, as> <es, es,> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f' des as> <as, as,> <f' des as> |
<f, f,> <f' des as> <des, des,> <d d,> |
<es es,> <ges' c, as> <ges, ges,> <ges' c, as> |
<f, f,> <ges' c, as> <es, es,> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f' des as> <as, as,> <f' des as> |
<f, f,> <f' des as> <des, des,> <c c,> |
<bes bes,> <as'' d, bes> <d,, d,> <as'' d, bes> |
<f, f,> <as' d, bes> <bes, bes,> <as' d, bes> |
<es, es,> <ges' es bes> <ges, ges,> <ges' es bes> |
<es, es,> <ges' es bes> <ges, ges,> <ges' es bes> |
g,16 bes8 des16 fes des bes g |
<as as,>8 <f'! des as> bes,, <d' bes as> |
<des! bes es,> <des bes es,> <c as> <c as> |
} \alternative {
{ <des des,> <f des as> <f des as> <d, d,> }
{ <des' des,> <as as,> <des, des,> <c' c,> }
}

\key as \major
\repeat volta 2 {
<des des,> <f des as> <f des as> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f des as> <bes, bes,> <b b,> |
<c c,> <es c as> <es c as> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <a a,> |
<bes bes,> <des g, es> <es, es,> <g g,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<as as,> <c as es> <bes bes,> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f des as> <f des as> <c c,> |
<des des,> <f des as> <bes, bes,> <b b,> |
<c c,> <es c as> <es c as> <es, es,> |
<as as,> <c as es> <es, es,> <c' as es> |
<des, des,> <des des,> <bes bes,> <d d,> |
<es es,> <c' as es> <es, es,> <e e,> |
<f f,> <f f,> <g g,> <g g,> |
} \alternative {
{ <as as,> <c as es> <bes bes,> <c c,> }
{ <as as,> <es es,> <as, as,> }
}

\bar "|."
}

\score {
\context PianoStaff <<
\context Staff = "up"
\top
\context Staff = "down"
\bottom
>>

\layout {}

}

\score {
\context PianoStaff <<
\context Staff = "up"
\unfoldRepeats \top
\context Staff = "down"
\unfoldRepeats \bottom
>>

\midi {
\tempo 4 = 120
\context {
\Voice
\remove Dynamic_performer
}
}
}
</score>

== Test syntax highlighting ==

'''Javascript:'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="js" line>
let jsV = "Javascript variable";
let jsObj = {
item: "First item"
}
</syntaxhighlight>

'''PHP'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="php" line>
$myVar = "PHP variable";
$myVarUpper = strtoupper($myVar);
</syntaxhighlight>

'''LUA'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="lua" line>
-- defines a factorial function
function fact (n)
if n == 0 then
return 1
else
return n * fact(n-1)
end
end

print("enter a number:")
a = io.read("*number") -- read a number
print(fact(a))
</syntaxhighlight>

Template:Bible quote

2024-08-23T20:21:51Z

Johnrdorazio:

<includeonly>{{#invoke:BibleQuote|main}}{{#ifexpr:{{#invoke:BibleQuote|isValidVersion}}|[[Category:Bible quote template]]|[[Category:Bible quote template with errors]]}}</includeonly><noinclude>

{{Template shortcut|Bible quote}}
{{Lua{{\sandbox}}|Module:BibleQuote}}
This Template can take up to three parameters:
* '''version''': value must be a Bible version that is supported by the BibleGet project. If empty or not used will default to "NABRE".
* '''ref''': value should be a Bible quote using standard [[W:Bible_citation|Bible citation notation]]. If empty or not used will default to "John 3:16",
* '''inline''': value should be '''true''' or '''false'''. If empty or not used will default to '''true'''. If '''true''' the text of the Bible quote will be contained in a popup which will show on mouseover. If false the Bible quote will show as a block inside the page.

<nowiki>{{Bible quote|version=NVBSE|ref=1 John 4:7-8}}</nowiki>

will produce: {{Bible quote|version=NVBSE|ref=1 John 4:7-8}}

----

<nowiki>{{Bible quote|ref=1Cor 13:1-5|inline=0}}</nowiki>

will produce: {{Bible quote|ref=1Cor 13:1-5|inline=0}}

----

Passing in a Bible version not supported by the BibleGet project:

<nowiki>{{Bible quote|version=KJV|ref=1 John 4:7-8}}</nowiki>

will produce: {{Bible quote|version=KJV|ref=1 John 4:7-8}}

</noinclude>

User:Johnrdorazio

2024-08-23T20:15:13Z

Johnrdorazio: /* Testing MobileDetect parser tags and functions within nested wiki structures */

I am a priest in the diocese of Rome, Italy.

I have served as pastoral assistant in a few roman parishes:
* Martyrs of Uganda parish
* Saint Galla parish
* Saint Linus parish

I have also served as university chaplain at Roma Tre University.

Currently I am serving at the Diocesan Pilgrimage Office "Opera Romana Pellegrinaggi".

I have always enjoyed programming and web development, and I have become fairly well versed in PHP, Javascript, Java, VB.NET with a little bit of C++.
I enjoy electronics, and science in general, and would like to put these talents at the service of the Church.

So I have created the [https://www.bibleget.io BibleGet Project and API].

I have created a [https://litcal.johnromanodorazio.com/ Liturgical Calendar API].

I have also created a [https://www.johnromanodorazio.com/LitCalAnniversariesFrontend/ Liturgical Anniversaries Calculator] with related API.

I curate a few websites.

And now, I would like to create this encyclopedia about the influence of the Gospel and of the Word of God on human culture.

== Testing LilyPond scores ==

<score vorbis="1" midi="1">\relative c'' { \time 4/4 \key c \major c4 g8 g a4 g r b^> c^> r \bar "|." } \addlyrics { Shave and a hair -- cut: two bits. }</score>

== Testing Syntax Highlighting ==
<syntaxhighlight lang="python" line>
def quick_sort(arr):
less = []
pivot_list = []
more = []
if len(arr) <= 1:
return arr
else:
pass
</syntaxhighlight>

== Testing MobileDetect parser tags ==
This page is being viewed from a <mobileonly inline>'''mobile'''</mobileonly><nomobile inline>'''desktop'''</nomobile> device.

=== Inline ===
Here is an inline string that should only show on mobile devices, using the <code><mobileonly inline></code> parser tag: <mobileonly inline="true">'''I am a MOBILE device!'''</mobileonly>

Here is an inline string that should only show on desktop devices, using the <code><nomobile inline></code> parser tag: <nomobile inline=true>'''I am a DESKTOP device!'''</nomobile>

=== Block ===
Here is an html block-level element that should only show on mobile, using the <code><mobileonly></code> parser tag:
<mobileonly>
<div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A MOBILE DEVICE!</div>
</mobileonly>

And here is an html block-level element that should only show on desktop, using the <code><nomobile></code> parser tag:
<nomobile>
<div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A DESKTOP DEVICE!</div>
</nomobile>

== Testing MobileDetect parser functions ==
=== Inline ===
Here is an inline string that should only show on mobile devices, using the <code>#mobileonly:</code> parser function with the second parameter set to true: {{#mobileonly:'''I am a MOBILE device!'''|true}}

Here is an inline string that should only show on desktop devices, using the <code>#nomobile:</code> parser function with the second parameter set to true: {{#nomobile:'''I am a DESKTOP device!'''|true}}

=== Block ===
Here is an html block-level element that should only show on mobile, using the <code>#mobileonly:</code> parser function:
{{#mobileonly: <div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A MOBILE DEVICE!</div> |0}}

And here is an html block-level element that should only show on desktop, using the <code>#nomobile:</code> parser function:
{{#nomobile: <div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A DESKTOP DEVICE!</div> }}

== Testing MobileDetect parser tags and functions within nested wiki structures ==
The text within the body of this table should change based on whether it is being viewed from desktop or from mobile.

{| class="wikitable"
! !! Parser Tag !! Parser Function
|-
! Inline
| This is a <mobileonly inline>'''mobile'''</mobileonly><nomobile inline>'''desktop'''</nomobile> device
| This is a {{#mobileonly:'''mobile'''|inline}}{{#nomobile:'''desktop'''|inline}} device
|-
! Block
| Which device are you? <mobileonly><div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A MOBILE DEVICE!</div></mobileonly><nomobile><div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A DESKTOP DEVICE!</div></nomobile>
| Which device are you? {{#mobileonly: <div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A MOBILE DEVICE!</div> |0}}{{#nomobile: <div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A DESKTOP DEVICE!</div> }}
|}

== Testing MobileDetect parser tags containing nested wiki structures ==
This whole table should changed based on the type of device with which the page is viewed:
<mobileonly>
{| class="wikitable"
! Inline !! Block
|-
| This is a '''mobile''' device
| Which device are you? <div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A MOBILE DEVICE!</div>
|}
</mobileonly>
<nomobile>
{| class="wikitable"
! Inline !! Block
|-
| This is a '''desktop''' device
| Which device are you? <div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A DESKTOP DEVICE!</div>
|}
</nomobile>

== Testing BibleGet tags ==
<biblequote version="CEI2008">Romans 1:1-5</biblequote>

<biblequote />

<biblequote ref="1 John 4:7-8" />

{{#biblequote:Gen 1:1-10}}

User:Johnrdorazio

2024-08-23T20:10:59Z

Johnrdorazio: /* Testing MobileDetect parser functions */

I am a priest in the diocese of Rome, Italy.

I have served as pastoral assistant in a few roman parishes:
* Martyrs of Uganda parish
* Saint Galla parish
* Saint Linus parish

I have also served as university chaplain at Roma Tre University.

Currently I am serving at the Diocesan Pilgrimage Office "Opera Romana Pellegrinaggi".

I have always enjoyed programming and web development, and I have become fairly well versed in PHP, Javascript, Java, VB.NET with a little bit of C++.
I enjoy electronics, and science in general, and would like to put these talents at the service of the Church.

So I have created the [https://www.bibleget.io BibleGet Project and API].

I have created a [https://litcal.johnromanodorazio.com/ Liturgical Calendar API].

I have also created a [https://www.johnromanodorazio.com/LitCalAnniversariesFrontend/ Liturgical Anniversaries Calculator] with related API.

I curate a few websites.

And now, I would like to create this encyclopedia about the influence of the Gospel and of the Word of God on human culture.

== Testing LilyPond scores ==

<score vorbis="1" midi="1">\relative c'' { \time 4/4 \key c \major c4 g8 g a4 g r b^> c^> r \bar "|." } \addlyrics { Shave and a hair -- cut: two bits. }</score>

== Testing Syntax Highlighting ==
<syntaxhighlight lang="python" line>
def quick_sort(arr):
less = []
pivot_list = []
more = []
if len(arr) <= 1:
return arr
else:
pass
</syntaxhighlight>

== Testing MobileDetect parser tags ==
This page is being viewed from a <mobileonly inline>'''mobile'''</mobileonly><nomobile inline>'''desktop'''</nomobile> device.

=== Inline ===
Here is an inline string that should only show on mobile devices, using the <code><mobileonly inline></code> parser tag: <mobileonly inline="true">'''I am a MOBILE device!'''</mobileonly>

Here is an inline string that should only show on desktop devices, using the <code><nomobile inline></code> parser tag: <nomobile inline=true>'''I am a DESKTOP device!'''</nomobile>

=== Block ===
Here is an html block-level element that should only show on mobile, using the <code><mobileonly></code> parser tag:
<mobileonly>
<div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A MOBILE DEVICE!</div>
</mobileonly>

And here is an html block-level element that should only show on desktop, using the <code><nomobile></code> parser tag:
<nomobile>
<div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A DESKTOP DEVICE!</div>
</nomobile>

== Testing MobileDetect parser functions ==
=== Inline ===
Here is an inline string that should only show on mobile devices, using the <code>#mobileonly:</code> parser function with the second parameter set to true: {{#mobileonly:'''I am a MOBILE device!'''|true}}

Here is an inline string that should only show on desktop devices, using the <code>#nomobile:</code> parser function with the second parameter set to true: {{#nomobile:'''I am a DESKTOP device!'''|true}}

=== Block ===
Here is an html block-level element that should only show on mobile, using the <code>#mobileonly:</code> parser function:
{{#mobileonly: <div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A MOBILE DEVICE!</div> |0}}

And here is an html block-level element that should only show on desktop, using the <code>#nomobile:</code> parser function:
{{#nomobile: <div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A DESKTOP DEVICE!</div> }}

== Testing MobileDetect parser tags and function within nested wiki structures ==
The text within the body of this table should change based on whether it is being viewed from desktop or from mobile.

{| class="wikitable"
! !! Parser Tag !! Parser Function
|-
! Inline
| This is a <mobileonly inline>'''mobile'''</mobileonly><nomobile inline>'''desktop'''</nomobile> device
| This is a {{#mobileonly:'''mobile'''|inline}}{{#nomobile:'''desktop'''|inline}} device
|-
! Block
| Which device are you? <mobileonly><div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A MOBILE DEVICE!</div></mobileonly><nomobile><div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A DESKTOP DEVICE!</div></nomobile>
| Which device are you? {{#mobileonly: <div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A MOBILE DEVICE!</div> |0}}{{#nomobile: <div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A DESKTOP DEVICE!</div> }}
|}

This whole table should changed based on the type of device with which the page is viewed:

=== Wiki table within a parser tag ===
<mobileonly>
{| class="wikitable"
! Inline !! Block
|-
| This is a '''mobile''' device
| Which device are you? <div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A MOBILE DEVICE!</div>
|}
</mobileonly>
<nomobile>
{| class="wikitable"
! Inline !! Block
|-
| This is a '''desktop''' device
| Which device are you? <div style="background-color:yellow;color:darkblue;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">I AM A DESKTOP DEVICE!</div>
|}
</nomobile>

== Testing BibleGet tags ==
<biblequote version="CEI2008">Romans 1:1-5</biblequote>

<biblequote />

<biblequote ref="1 John 4:7-8" />

{{#biblequote:Gen 1:1-10}}

User:Johnrdorazio

2024-08-23T17:52:37Z

Johnrdorazio: /* Testing MobileDetect parser tags */

MediaWiki:Mobile.js

2024-08-23T01:20:24Z

Johnrdorazio:

/* Any JavaScript here will be loaded for users using the mobile site */
console.log('Running from Mobile.js');
mw.hook('wikipage.content').add(function() {
console.log('Hello World from Mobile.js');
});
// Commenting out the following line since it should be taken care of by Global.js
//mw.loader.load( '/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki:BibleGet.js&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript' );
//mw.loader.using('mobile.site.styles');
// MakeMobileCollapsible, enables collapsible templates/infoboxes on the mobile site.
// See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:MakeMobileCollapsible for more information.
// This is a spinoff from Factotum. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Alexis_Jazz/Factotum)
// MakeMobileCollapsible is public domain, irrevocably released as WTFPL Version 2[www.wtfpl.net/about/] by its author, Alexis Jazz.
/*globals $:false,mw:false*/
//<nowiki>
let MMCollap = {};
MMCollap.do = function( $content ) {
console.log('MMCollap.do was called');
/* Outcommented for now, to be revisited later as some people raised potential concerns with providing mobile-only features:
Allow content to be collapsible only on the mobile site which could be useful as mobile displays are smaller, so the threshold to wish to make something collapsible could be greater
to achieve this, change "mw-" to "MMC-" in all classes used. Do NOT use custom toggles as they won't be hidden on the desktop site.
classes = ['collapsible','collapsed','collapsible-toggle','collapsible-content','collapsible-toggle-placeholder','collapsible-toggle-expanded'];
if ( $('.MMC-collapsible,.MMC-collapsed')[0] ) {
for(int=0;int<classes.length;int++){
$('.MMC-'+classes[int]).addClass('mw-'+classes[int]);
}
}*/
MMCollap.modules = [];
MMCollap.els = $content.find( '.mw-collapsible' );
if ( MMCollap.els.length ) {
MMCollap.modules.push( 'jquery.makeCollapsible' );
}
if ( MMCollap.modules.length ) {
console.log('collapsible elements were found');
mw.loader.using( MMCollap.modules ).then( function () {
if ( MMCollap.els && MMCollap.els.length ) {
mw.loader.addStyleTag('.mw-parser-output .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;min-width:6em}');
$(MMCollap.els).makeCollapsible(); //T111565 FTFY
}
});
}
if ( $content[ 0 ] && $content[ 0 ].isConnected === false ) {
mw.log.warn( 'wikipage.content hook should not be fired on unattached content' );
}
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mw.hook( 'wikipage.content' ).add( MMCollap.do ); //make collapsible content collapsible whenever the page is rendered, on load but also e.g. after saving an edit
//</nowiki>

MediaWiki:Mobile.js

2024-08-23T01:17:45Z

Johnrdorazio:

/* Any JavaScript here will be loaded for users using the mobile site */
console.log('Running from Mobile.js');
mw.hook('wikipage.content').add(function() {
console.log('Hello World from Mobile.js');
});
mw.loader.load( '/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki:BibleGet.js&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript' );
//mw.loader.using('mobile.site.styles');
// MakeMobileCollapsible, enables collapsible templates/infoboxes on the mobile site.
// See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:MakeMobileCollapsible for more information.
// This is a spinoff from Factotum. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Alexis_Jazz/Factotum)
// MakeMobileCollapsible is public domain, irrevocably released as WTFPL Version 2[www.wtfpl.net/about/] by its author, Alexis Jazz.
/*globals $:false,mw:false*/
//<nowiki>
let MMCollap = {};
MMCollap.do = function( $content ) {
console.log('MMCollap.do was called');
/* Outcommented for now, to be revisited later as some people raised potential concerns with providing mobile-only features:
Allow content to be collapsible only on the mobile site which could be useful as mobile displays are smaller, so the threshold to wish to make something collapsible could be greater
to achieve this, change "mw-" to "MMC-" in all classes used. Do NOT use custom toggles as they won't be hidden on the desktop site.
classes = ['collapsible','collapsed','collapsible-toggle','collapsible-content','collapsible-toggle-placeholder','collapsible-toggle-expanded'];
if ( $('.MMC-collapsible,.MMC-collapsed')[0] ) {
for(int=0;int<classes.length;int++){
$('.MMC-'+classes[int]).addClass('mw-'+classes[int]);
}
}*/
MMCollap.modules = [];
MMCollap.els = $content.find( '.mw-collapsible' );
if ( MMCollap.els.length ) {
MMCollap.modules.push( 'jquery.makeCollapsible' );
}
if ( MMCollap.modules.length ) {
console.log('collapsible elements were found');
mw.loader.using( MMCollap.modules ).then( function () {
if ( MMCollap.els && MMCollap.els.length ) {
mw.loader.addStyleTag('.mw-parser-output .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;min-width:6em}');
$(MMCollap.els).makeCollapsible(); //T111565 FTFY
}
});
}
if ( $content[ 0 ] && $content[ 0 ].isConnected === false ) {
mw.log.warn( 'wikipage.content hook should not be fired on unattached content' );
}
};
mw.hook( 'wikipage.content' ).add( MMCollap.do ); //make collapsible content collapsible whenever the page is rendered, on load but also e.g. after saving an edit
//</nowiki>

MediaWiki:Mobile.js

2024-08-22T22:02:47Z

Johnrdorazio:

/* Any JavaScript here will be loaded for users using the mobile site */
mw.loader.load( '/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki:BibleGet.js&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript' );
//mw.loader.using('mobile.site.styles');
// MakeMobileCollapsible, enables collapsible templates/infoboxes on the mobile site.
// See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:MakeMobileCollapsible for more information.
// This is a spinoff from Factotum. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Alexis_Jazz/Factotum)
// MakeMobileCollapsible is public domain, irrevocably released as WTFPL Version 2[www.wtfpl.net/about/] by its author, Alexis Jazz.
/*globals $:false,mw:false*/
//<nowiki>
let MMCollap = {};
MMCollap.do = function( $content ) {
console.log('MMCollap.do was called');
/* Outcommented for now, to be revisited later as some people raised potential concerns with providing mobile-only features:
Allow content to be collapsible only on the mobile site which could be useful as mobile displays are smaller, so the threshold to wish to make something collapsible could be greater
to achieve this, change "mw-" to "MMC-" in all classes used. Do NOT use custom toggles as they won't be hidden on the desktop site.
classes = ['collapsible','collapsed','collapsible-toggle','collapsible-content','collapsible-toggle-placeholder','collapsible-toggle-expanded'];
if ( $('.MMC-collapsible,.MMC-collapsed')[0] ) {
for(int=0;int<classes.length;int++){
$('.MMC-'+classes[int]).addClass('mw-'+classes[int]);
}
}*/
MMCollap.modules = [];
MMCollap.els = $content.find( '.mw-collapsible' );
if ( MMCollap.els.length ) {
MMCollap.modules.push( 'jquery.makeCollapsible' );
}
if ( MMCollap.modules.length ) {
console.log('collapsible elements were found');
mw.loader.using( MMCollap.modules ).then( function () {
if ( MMCollap.els && MMCollap.els.length ) {
mw.loader.addStyleTag('.mw-parser-output .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;min-width:6em}');
$(MMCollap.els).makeCollapsible(); //T111565 FTFY
}
});
}
if ( $content[ 0 ] && $content[ 0 ].isConnected === false ) {
mw.log.warn( 'wikipage.content hook should not be fired on unattached content' );
}
};
mw.hook( 'wikipage.content' ).add( MMCollap.do ); //make collapsible content collapsible whenever the page is rendered, on load but also e.g. after saving an edit
//</nowiki>

MediaWiki:Mobile.js

2024-08-22T21:36:42Z

Johnrdorazio:

/* Any JavaScript here will be loaded for users using the mobile site */
mw.loader.load( '/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki:BibleGet.js&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript' );
//mw.loader.using('mobile.site.styles');
// MakeMobileCollapsible, enables collapsible templates/infoboxes on the mobile site.
// See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:MakeMobileCollapsible for more information.
// This is a spinoff from Factotum. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Alexis_Jazz/Factotum)
// MakeMobileCollapsible is public domain, irrevocably released as WTFPL Version 2[www.wtfpl.net/about/] by its author, Alexis Jazz.
/*globals $:false,mw:false*/
//<nowiki>
let MMCollap = {};
MMCollap.do = function(classes,int) {
console.log('MMCollap.do was called');
/* Outcommented for now, to be revisited later as some people raised potential concerns with providing mobile-only features:
Allow content to be collapsible only on the mobile site which could be useful as mobile displays are smaller, so the threshold to wish to make something collapsible could be greater
to achieve this, change "mw-" to "MMC-" in all classes used. Do NOT use custom toggles as they won't be hidden on the desktop site.
classes = ['collapsible','collapsed','collapsible-toggle','collapsible-content','collapsible-toggle-placeholder','collapsible-toggle-expanded'];
if ( $('.MMC-collapsible,.MMC-collapsed')[0] ) {
for(int=0;int<classes.length;int++){
$('.MMC-'+classes[int]).addClass('mw-'+classes[int]);
}
}*/
MMCollap.els = $('.mw-collapsible');
if ( MMCollap.els[0] ) {
console.log('collapsible elements were found');
if ( MMCollap.els.length > 1 && ( ['enwiki'].indexOf(mw.config.get('wgDBname')) != -1) ) {
$('.autocollapse').addClass('mw-collapsed'); //the "autocollapse" class is handled by code in Common.js on enwiki, but Common.js isn't loaded on mobile.
}
mw.loader.using(['jquery.makeCollapsible']).then( function () {
mw.loader.addStyleTag('.mw-parser-output .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;min-width:6em}');
$(MMCollap.els).makeCollapsible(); //T111565 FTFY
});
}
};
mw.hook( 'wikipage.content' ).add( MMCollap.do ); //make collapsible content collapsible whenever the page is rendered, on load but also e.g. after saving an edit
//</nowiki>

MediaWiki:Mobile.js

2024-08-22T21:33:35Z

Johnrdorazio:

/* Any JavaScript here will be loaded for users using the mobile site */
mw.loader.load( '/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki:BibleGet.js&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript' );
//mw.loader.using('mobile.site.styles');
// MakeMobileCollapsible, enables collapsible templates/infoboxes on the mobile site.
// See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:MakeMobileCollapsible for more information.
// This is a spinoff from Factotum. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Alexis_Jazz/Factotum)
// MakeMobileCollapsible is public domain, irrevocably released as WTFPL Version 2[www.wtfpl.net/about/] by its author, Alexis Jazz.
/*globals $:false,mw:false*/
//<nowiki>
let MMCollap = {};
MMCollap.do = function(classes,int) {

/* Outcommented for now, to be revisited later as some people raised potential concerns with providing mobile-only features:
Allow content to be collapsible only on the mobile site which could be useful as mobile displays are smaller, so the threshold to wish to make something collapsible could be greater
to achieve this, change "mw-" to "MMC-" in all classes used. Do NOT use custom toggles as they won't be hidden on the desktop site.
classes = ['collapsible','collapsed','collapsible-toggle','collapsible-content','collapsible-toggle-placeholder','collapsible-toggle-expanded'];
if ( $('.MMC-collapsible,.MMC-collapsed')[0] ) {
for(int=0;int<classes.length;int++){
$('.MMC-'+classes[int]).addClass('mw-'+classes[int]);
}
}*/
MMCollap.els = $('.mw-collapsible');
if ( MMCollap.els[0] ) {
if ( MMCollap.els.length > 1 && ( ['enwiki'].indexOf(mw.config.get('wgDBname')) != -1) ) {
$('.autocollapse').addClass('mw-collapsed'); //the "autocollapse" class is handled by code in Common.js on enwiki, but Common.js isn't loaded on mobile.
}
mw.loader.using(['jquery.makeCollapsible']).then( function () {
mw.loader.addStyleTag('.mw-parser-output .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;min-width:6em}');
$(MMCollap.els).makeCollapsible(); //T111565 FTFY
});
}
};
mw.hook( 'wikipage.content' ).add( MMCollap.do ); //make collapsible content collapsible whenever the page is rendered, on load but also e.g. after saving an edit
//</nowiki>

Main Page

2024-08-22T20:58:40Z

Johnrdorazio: /* Overview of the areas touched on */ fix mobileonly using latest patch

[[File:Sanzio_01_Plato_Aristotle.jpg|thumb|280px|Plato (left) and Aristotle in Raphael's 1509 fresco, The School of Athens]]
[[File:V&A - Raphael, St Paul Preaching in Athens (1515).jpg|thumb|280px|[[wikipedia:Saint Paul|Saint Paul]] delivering the ''Areopagus Sermon'' in [[wikipedia:Athens|Athens]], by [[wikipedia:Raphael|Raphael]], 1515.]]
[[File:Bloch-SermonOnTheMount.jpg|thumb|280px|Sermon on the Mount by Carl Bloch (1877)]]

'''Semina Verbi''' or '''Seeds of the Word''' is a cultural project aimed at examining the ways in which the Christian Gospel in particular, and the Word of God in general, have influenced the cultures of mankind, or how the cultural and creative expressions of mankind can have seeds of truth which are related to the Truth of the Word of God.

== Origins of the expression ==

=== Early Christian apologists ===

The expression goes back to [[wikipedia:Justin Martyr|Justin the Martyr]] and to [[wikipedia:Clement of Alexandria|Clement of Alexandria]].

Saint [[w:Justin Martyr|Justin (100-165 AD)]] affirms in his ''Second Apology'':

{{Quote
|text=For I myself, when I discovered the wicked disguise which the evil spirits had thrown around the divine doctrines of the Christians, to turn aside others from joining them, laughed both at those who framed these falsehoods, and at the disguise itself and at popular opinion and I confess that I both boast and with all my strength strive to be found a Christian; not because the teachings of Plato are different from those of Christ, but because they are not in all respects similar, as neither are those of the others, Stoics, and poets, and historians. For each man spoke well in proportion to the share he had of the '''spermatic word''', seeing what was related to it. But they who contradict themselves on the more important points appear not to have possessed the heavenly wisdom, and the knowledge which cannot be spoken against. '''Whatever things were rightly said among all men, are the property of us Christians.''' For next to God, we worship and love the '''Word''' who is from the unbegotten and ineffable God, since also He became man for our sakes, that becoming a partaker of our sufferings, He might also bring us healing. For all the writers were able to see realities darkly through the '''sowing of the implanted word''' that was in them...
|author=[[wikipedia:Justin Martyr|Saint Justin the Martyr]]
|title=[https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/0127.htm Second Apology, 13]
}}

And Saint [[w:Clement of Alexandria|Clement of Alexandria (150-215 AD)]] affirms in his ''Stromata'':

{{Quote
|text=For, like farmers who irrigate the land beforehand, so we also water with the liquid stream of Greek learning what in it is earthy; so that it may receive the '''spiritual seed''' cast into it, and may be capable of easily nourishing it. The Stromata will contain the truth mixed up in the dogmas of philosophy, or rather covered over and hidden, as the edible part of the nut in the shell. For, in my opinion, it is fitting that the '''seeds of truth''' be kept for the husbandmen of faith, and no others. I am not oblivious of what is babbled by some, who in their ignorance are frightened at every noise, and say that we ought to occupy ourselves with what is most necessary, and which contains the faith; and that we should pass over what is beyond and superfluous, which wears out and detains us to no purpose, in things which conduce nothing to the great end. Others think that philosophy was introduced into life by an evil influence, for the ruin of men, by an evil inventor. But I shall show, throughout the whole of these Stromata, that evil has an evil nature, and can never turn out the producer of anything that is good; indicating that philosophy is in a sense a work of Divine Providence.
|author=[[wikipedia:Clement of Alexandria|Clement of Alexandria]]
|title=[https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/02101.htm Stromata, Book 1 Ch. 1]
}}

While [[wikipedia:Eusebius|Eusebius of Caesarea (260-339 AD)]], in his ''Praeparatio Evangelica'', affirms that the Greeks were clearly influenced in their philosophy by the Hebrew Scriptures, thus affirming from another point of view that the best in human culture was influenced by the Word of God:

{{Quote
|text=THE preceding Book, which is the tenth of the Evangelical Preparation, was intended to prove by no statements of my own, but by external testimonies, that as the Greeks had contributed no additional wisdom from their own resources, but only their force and elegance of language, and had borrowed all their philosophy from Barbarians, it was not improbable that they were also not unacquainted with the Hebrew Oracles, but had in part seized upon them also; seeing that they did not keep their hands clean from theft even of the literary efforts of their own countrymen...
Moreover in the same Book we learned by the comparison of dates that they were very young in age as well as in wisdom, and fell very far short of the ancient literature of the Hebrews.
Such were the contents of the preceding Book: but in this present one we hasten on at once to pay as it were a debt, I mean the promise which was given, and to exhibit the agreement of the Greek philosophers with the Hebrew Oracles in some if not in all their doctrinal theories.
|author=[[wikipedia:Eusebius|Eusebius of Caesarea]]
|title=[http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/eusebius_pe_11_book11.htm Praeparatio Evangelica, Book XI]
}}

The patrologist Berthold Altaner writes in regards to [[w:Justin Martyr|Justin the Martyr]] and his expression “seeds of the Word”:

{{Text and translation|{{lang|it|Con la sua teoria di λόγος σπερματικός [logos spermatikos] Giustino getta un ponte tra la filosofia antica e il Cristianesimo. In Cristo apparve, in tutta la sua pienezza, il Logos divino, ma ogni uomo possiede nella sua ragione un germe (σπέρμα) del Logos. Questa partecipazione al Logos, e conseguente disposizione a conoscere la Verità, fu in alcuni particolarmente grande; cosí nei Profeti del giudaismo e, fra i greci, in Eraclito e Socrate. Molti elementi della verità sono passati, cosí egli opina, nei poeti e nei filosofi greci dell’antica letteratura giudaica, poiché Mosè era ritenuto lo scrittore assolutamente piú antico. Di conseguenza i filosofi, in quanto vissero e insegnarono conformemente alle regole della ragione, furono dei Cristiani, in un certo senso, prima della venuta di Cristo. Tuttavia solo dopo questa venuta i Cristiani sono entrati in possesso della verità totale e sicura, priva di ogni errore. Il pensiero teologico di San Giustino è fortemente influenzato dalla filosofia stoica e platonica}}|With his theory of λόγος σπερματικός [logos spermatikos] Justin builds a bridge between ancient philosophy and Christianity. In Christ the divine Logos appeared in all his fullness, but every man possesses in his reason a germ (σπέρμα) of the Logos. This participation in the Logos, and consequent disposition to know the Truth, was particularly great in some; so in the Prophets of Judaism and, among the Greeks, in Heraclitus and Socrates. Many elements of the truth have passed, so he opines, in the Greek poets and philosophers of ancient Jewish literature, since Moses was considered the most ancient writer. Consequently, the philosophers, insofar as they lived and taught according to the rules of reason, were Christians, in a sense, before the coming of Christ. However, only after this coming did Christians come into possession of the total and sure truth, devoid of any error. The theological thought of Saint Justin is strongly influenced by Stoic and Platonic philosophy|author=Berthold Altaner|title=Patrologia|publisher=Marietti|edition=7ª ed.|year=1977|pages=pp. 70-71}}

=== Roots in the Gospel and the New Testament writings ===

[[wikipedia:Jesus|Jesus of Nazareth]] compared himself to a sower of seeds when he proclaimed the [[wikipedia:Parable of the Sower|Parable of the Sower]] to the crowds of people listening to Him.

{{Bible quote|ref=Matthew 13:3-9,18-23|inline=0}}

The [[wikipedia:Areopagus sermon|speech of Saint Paul to the Athenians in the Areopagus]] is emblematic, as he refers to a known greek poet in order to make his point about the Gospel of Jesus, as well as making reference to their religious traditions:

{{Bible quote|ref=Acts of the Apostles 17:16-34|inline=0}}

=== Magisterial Teachings of the Catholic Church ===

The doctrine of the Seeds of the Word, interpreted as truths of the Gospel being spread throughout human culture, is also present in the teachings of the [[w:Second Vatican Council|Second Vatican Council]]. The Decree on Missionary Activity ''[[wikipedia:Ad Gentes|Ad Gentes]]'' affirms:

{{Quote
|text= In order that they may be able to bear more fruitful witness to Christ, let [Christians] ... acknowledge themselves to be members of the group of men among whom they live; let them share in cultural and social life by the various undertakings and enterprises of human living; let them be familiar with their national and religious traditions; let them gladly and reverently lay bare the '''seeds of the Word''' which lie hidden among their fellows.
|author=Second Vatican Council
|title=[http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19651207_ad-gentes_en.html Ad Gentes, Ch. II, art. 1, n. 11]
}}

Similarly the [[w:Apostolic constitution|Dogmatic Constitution]] on the Church ''[[wikipedia:Lumen Gentium|Lumen Gentium]]'' states:

{{Quote
|text= Whatever good or truth is found amongst [those men who have not yet arrived at an explicit knowledge of God] is looked upon by the Church as a '''preparation for the Gospel'''.
|author=Second Vatican Council
|title=[http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19641121_lumen-gentium_en.html Lumen Gentium, n. 16]
}}

The Declaration on non Christian religions ''[[wikipedia:Nostra Aetate|Nostra Aetate]]'' uses the simile of a ray of light to express the same concept:

{{Quote
|text= From ancient times down to the present, there is found among various peoples a certain perception of that hidden power which hovers over the course of things and over the events of human history; at times some indeed have come to the recognition of a Supreme Being, or even of a Father. This perception and recognition penetrates their lives with a profound religious sense. ... The Catholic Church rejects nothing that is true and holy in these religions. She regards with sincere reverence those ways of conduct and of life, those precepts and teachings which, though differing in many aspects from the ones she holds and sets forth, nonetheless often reflect a '''ray of that Truth''' which enlightens all men.
|author=Second Vatican Council
|title=[http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decl_19651028_nostra-aetate_en.html Nostra Aetate n. 2]
}}

In the years following the [[w:Second Vatican Council|Second Vatican Council]], the metaphor ''Seeds of the Word'' and the theme ''Praeparatio evangelica'' were also used by the Popes.

[[wikipedia:Pope Paul VI|Pope Paul VI]], in the [[w:Apostolic exhortation|Apostolic Exhortation]] on evangelization, states:

{{Quote
|text=[Non-christian religions] are all impregnated with innumerable "'''seeds of the Word'''" and can constitute a true "'''preparation for the Gospel'''", to quote a felicitous term used by the Second Vatican Council and borrowed from Eusebius of Caesarea.
|author=Pope Paul VI
|title=[[wikipedia:Evangelii nuntiandi|Evangelii nuntiandi]], n. 53
}}

[[wikipedia:Pope John Paul II|Pope John Paul II]], in his first [[w:Encyclical|encyclical]] ''[[wikipedia:Redemptor Hominis|Redemptor Hominis]]'', writes:

{{Quote
|text= The Fathers of the Church rightly saw in the various religions as it were so many reflections of the one truth, "'''seeds of the Word'''", attesting that, though the routes taken may be different, there is but a single goal to which is directed the deepest aspiration of the human spirit as expressed in its quest for God and also in its quest, through its tending towards God, for the full dimension of its humanity, or in other words for the full meaning of human life.
|author=[[wikipedia:Pope John Paul II|Pope John Paul II]]
|title=[[wikipedia:Redemptor Hominis|Redemptor Hominis]], n. 11
}}

And the [[w:Catechism of the Catholic Church|Catechism of the Catholic Church]], quoting from ''[[wikipedia:Lumen Gentium|Lumen Gentium]]'', states:

{{Quote
|text= The Catholic Church recognizes in other religions that search, among shadows and images, for the God who is unknown yet near since he gives life and breath and all things and wants all men to be saved. Thus, the Church considers all goodness and truth found in these religions as "a '''preparation for the Gospel''' and given by him who enlightens all men that they may at length have life."
|title=[https://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/__P29.HTM CCC n. 843]
}}

== Overview of the areas touched on ==

<mobileonly>
The articles of this encyclopedia are organized into the following general categories:

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:50%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Literary arts]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Drama (Literature)]]
* [[:Category:Fiction (Literature)]]
* [[:Category:Poetry (Literature)]]
* [[:Category:Prose (Literature)]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:50%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Performing arts]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Dance]]
* [[:Category:Music]]
* [[:Category:Theatre]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:50%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Visual arts]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Architecture]]
* [[:Category:Ceramic art]]
* [[:Category:Cinematography]]

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Drawing]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Engraving]]
* [[:Category:Etching]]
* [[:Category:Cave painting]]
* [[:Category:Charcoal drawing]]
* [[:Category:Pencil drawing]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Glass art]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Glassblowing]]
* [[:Category:Stained glass]]
</div>
</div>

* [[:Category:Mosaic art]]

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Painting]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Fresco painting]]
* [[:Category:Oil painting]]
* [[:Category:Watercolor painting]]
</div>
</div>

* [[:Category:Photography]]
* [[:Category:Sculpting]]
* [[:Category:Tapestry]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Formal sciences]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Hitory|History]]
* [[:Category:Philosophy|Philosophy]]
* [[:Category:Logic|Logic]]
* [[:Category:Mathematics|Mathematics]]
* [[:Category:Computer science|Computer science]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Natural sciences]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Physics|Physics]]
* [[:Category:Chemistry|Chemistry]]
* [[:Category:Astronomy|Astronomy]]
* [[:Category:Biology|Biology]]
* [[:Category:Geology|Geology]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Social sciences]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Anthropology|Anthropology]]
* [[:Category:Archeology|Archeology]]
* [[:Category:Economics|Economics]]
* [[:Category:Geografy|Geography]]
* [[:Category:Linguistics|Linguistics]]
* [[:Category:Political science|Political science]]
* [[:Category:Psychology|Psychology]]
* [[:Category:Medicinal science|Medicine]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:90%; overflow:auto;">
<div style="font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;">[[:Category:Popular culture]]</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[:Category:Culinary arts]]
* [[:Category:Comics]]
* [[:Category:Video gaming]]
</div>
</div>
</mobileonly>
{{Navbox
| state = uncollapsed
| title = Table of Contents
| listclass = hlist
| group1 = [[:Category:Literary arts|Literary arts]]
| list1 = * [[:Category:Drama (Literature)|Drama]]
* [[:Category:Fiction (Literature)|Fiction]]
* [[:Category:Poetry (Literature)|Poetry]]
* [[:Category:Prose (Literature)|Prose]]
| group2 = [[:Category:Performing arts|Performing arts]]
| list2 =
{{Navbox|child
| group1 = [[:Category:Dance|Dance]]
| list1 = List1
| group2 = [[:Category:Music|Music]]
| list2 = List2
| group3 = [[:Category:Theatre|Theatre]]
| list3 = List3
}}
| group3 = [[:Category:Visual arts|Visual arts]]
| list3 =
{{Navbox|child
| group1 = [[:Category:Architecture|Architecture]]
| list1 = List 1
| group2 = [[:Category:Ceramic art|Ceramic art]]
| list2 = List 2
| group3 = [[:Category:Cinematography|Cinematography]]
| list3 = * [[:Category:Sitcom|Sitcom]]
* [[:Category:Feature film|Feature film]]
* [[:Category:Short film|Short film]]
| group4 = [[:Category:Drawing|Drawing]]
| list4 = * [[:Category:Engraving|Engraving]]
* [[:Category:Etching|Etching]]
* [[:Category:Cave painting|Cave painting]]
* [[:Category:Charcoal drawing|Charcoal drawing]]
* [[:Category:Pencil drawing|Pencil drawing]]
| group5 = [[:Category:Glass art|Glass art]]
| list5 = * [[:Category:Glassblowing|Glassblowing]]
* [[:Category:Stained glass|Stained glass]]
| group6 = [[:Category:Mosaic art|Mosaic art]]
| list6 = List 6
| group7 = [[:Category:Painting|Painting]]
| list7 = * [[:Category:Fresco painting|Fresco]]
* [[:Category:Oil painting|Oil painting]]
* [[:Category:Watercolor painting|Watercolor]]
| group8 = [[:Category:Photography|Photography]]
| list8 = * [[:Category:Black and White photography|Black and White photography]]
* [[:Category:HDR photography|HDR photography]]
* [[:Category:Landscape photography|Landscape photography]]
* [[:Category:Portrait photography|Portrait photography]]
| group9 = [[:Category:Sculpting|Sculpting]]
| list9 = List 9
| group10 = [[:Category:Tapestry|Tapestry]]
| list10 = List 10
}}
| group4 = [[:Category:Formal sciences|Formal sciences]]
| list4 =
* [[:Category:Hitory|History]]
* [[:Category:Philosophy|Philosophy]]
* [[:Category:Logic|Logic]]
* [[:Category:Mathematics|Mathematics]]
* [[:Category:Computer science|Computer science]]
| group5 = [[:Category:Natural sciences|Natural sciences]]
| list5 =
* [[:Category:Physics|Physics]]
* [[:Category:Chemistry|Chemistry]]
* [[:Category:Astronomy|Astronomy]]
* [[:Category:Biology|Biology]]
* [[:Category:Geology|Geology]]
| group6 = [[:Category:Social sciences|Social sciences]]
| list6 =
* [[:Category:Anthropology|Anthropology]]
* [[:Category:Archeology|Archeology]]
* [[:Category:Economics|Economics]]
* [[:Category:Geografy|Geography]]
* [[:Category:Linguistics|Linguistics]]
* [[:Category:Political science|Political science]]
* [[:Category:Psychology|Psychology]]
* [[:Category:Medicinal science|Medicine]]
| group7 = [[:Category:Popular culture|Popular culture]]
| list7 =
* [[:Category:Culinary arts|Culinary arts]]
* [[:Category:Comics|Comics]]
* [[:Category:Video gaming|Video gaming]]
}}

User:Johnrdorazio

2024-08-22T17:05:16Z

Johnrdorazio: /* Testing MobileDetect parser functions */

User:Johnrdorazio

2024-08-22T16:57:33Z

Johnrdorazio: /* Testing MobileDetect parser tags */

User:Johnrdorazio

2024-08-22T16:55:24Z

Johnrdorazio: /* Testing MobileDetect parser tags */

User:Johnrdorazio

2024-08-22T14:02:42Z