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| followed_by = [[The Adventures of Tom Bombadil]]
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'''''The Lord of the Rings''''' is an [[wikipedia:Epic (genre)|epic]]<ref>{{cite book |title=The Lord of the Rings: Tolkien's Epic |work=Tolkien's Art: A Mythology for England |last=Chance |first=Jane <!--Nitzsche, at that time--> |authorlink=Jane Chance |publisher=Macmillan |year=1980 |origyear=1979 |isbn=0333290348 |pp=97–127}}</ref> [[wikipedia:high-fantasy|high-fantasy]] book by the English author and scholar [[wikipedia:J. R. R. Tolkien|J. R. R. Tolkien]]. Set in [[wikipedia:Middle-earth|Middle-earth]], the world at some distant time in the past, the story began as a sequel to Tolkien's 1937 children's book ''[[wikipedia:The Hobbit|The Hobbit]]'', but eventually developed into a much larger work. Written in stages between 1937 and 1949, ''The Lord of the Rings'' is one of the [[wikipedia:List of best-selling books|best-selling books ever written]]<!--See Talk Page-there is no definitive list of best-sellers-->, with over 150 million copies sold.<ref name="thestar">{{cite web |last=Wagner |first=Vit |url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/article/203389 |title=Tolkien proves he's still the king |work=[[wikipedia:Toronto Star|Toronto Star]] |date=16 April 2007 |accessdate=8 March 2011|url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110309035210/http://www.thestar.com/entertainment/article/203389 |archivedate=9 March 2011}}</ref>
The title names the story's main [[wikipedia:antagonist|antagonist]], the [[wikipedia:Dark Lord|Dark Lord]] [[wikipedia:Sauron|Sauron]], who had in an earlier age created the [[wikipedia:One Ring|One Ring]] to rule the other [[wikipedia:Rings of Power|Rings of Power]] as the ultimate weapon in his campaign to conquer and rule all of [[wikipedia:Middle-earth|Middle-earth]]. From homely beginnings in [[wikipedia:the Shire|the Shire]], a [[wikipedia:hobbit|hobbit]] land reminiscent of the English countryside, the story ranges across Middle-earth, following the quest mainly through the eyes of the hobbits [[wikipedia:Frodo Baggins|Frodo]], [[wikipedia:Samwise Gamgee|Sam]], [[wikipedia:Meriadoc Brandybuck|Merry]] and [[wikipedia:Peregrin Took|Pippin]].
Although generally known to readers as a trilogy, the work was initially intended by Tolkien to be one volume of a two-volume set along with ''[[wikipedia:The Silmarillion|The Silmarillion]]'', but this idea was dismissed by his publisher.<ref name="tale">{{cite web |last=Reynolds |first=Pat |url=http://www.tolkiensociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/LOTR-The-Tale-of-a-Text.pdf |title=The Lord of the Rings: The Tale of a Text |publisher=[[wikipedia:The Tolkien Society|The Tolkien Society]] |accessdate=24 October 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231904/http://www.tolkiensociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/LOTR-The-Tale-of-a-Text.pdf |archivedate=3 March 2016}}</ref><ref group=T>{{harvnb|Carpenter|1981}}, letter #126 to Milton Waldman (draft), 10 March 1950</ref> For economic reasons, ''The Lord of the Rings'' was published in three volumes over the course of a year from 29 July 1954 to 20 October 1955.<ref name="tale"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A672022 |title=The Life and Works for JRR Tolkien |publisher=[[wikipedia:BBC|BBC]] |date=7 February 2002 |accessdate=4 December 2010|url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101101074147/http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A672022 |archivedate=1 November 2010}}</ref> The three volumes were titled ''[[wikipedia:The Fellowship of the Ring|The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', ''[[wikipedia:The Two Towers|The Two Towers]]'' and ''[[wikipedia:The Return of the King|The Return of the King]]''. Structurally, the work is divided internally into six books, two per volume, with several appendices of background material at the end. Some editions print the entire work into a single volume, following the author's original intent.
Tolkien's work, after an initially mixed [[wikipedia:Reception of J. R. R. Tolkien|reception]] by the literary establishment, has been the subject of [[wikipedia:Themes of The Lord of the Rings|extensive analysis of its themes]] and origins. [[wikipedia:Tolkien's influences|Influences]] on this earlier work, and on the story of ''The Lord of the Rings'', include [[wikipedia:philology|philology]], mythology, religion, earlier fantasy works, and [[wikipedia:J. R. R. Tolkien#First World War|his own experiences in the First World War]]. ''The Lord of the Rings'' in its turn has had a great effect on modern fantasy.
''The Lord of the Rings'' has since been reprinted many times and [[wikipedia:translations of The Lord of the Rings|translated into at least 56 languages]]. The enduring popularity of ''The Lord of the Rings'' has led to numerous references in popular culture, the founding of many societies by [[wikipedia:Tolkien fandom|fans of Tolkien's works]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Gilsdorf |first=Ethan |url=http://travel.nytimes.com/2007/03/23/travel/escapes/23Ahead.html |title=Elvish Impersonators |newspaper=[[wikipedia:The New York Times|The New York Times]] |date=23 March 2007 |accessdate=3 April 2007 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071205101604/http://travel.nytimes.com/2007/03/23/travel/escapes/23Ahead.html |archivedate=5 December 2007}}</ref> and t
== Article by Francesco Gnagni ==
Il dibattito filologico sul monumentale capolavoro di J. R. R. Tolkien, “Il Signore degli Anelli”, è senza dubbio uno dei più ampi e affascinanti della nostra epoca contemporanea. Ormai risaputamente, l’opera di Tolkien è un’opera “fondamentalmente cattolica”, e non è la critica a sostenerlo, ma lo stesso autore nelle sue lettere pubblicate postume. Ma in che senso è un’opera cattolica? Certamente non lo è solamente per la cattolicità dell’autore, o per la presenza nel racconto di riferimenti espliciti alla devozione cattolica, che non ci sono. E non lo è nemmeno per gli stessi valori morali incarnati dai personaggi della narrazione, che al massimo potrebbero presumersi in linea con un’etica vagamente cristiana.
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